tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-29691947647956089122024-03-28T12:44:48.300+05:30ASHA'S MARITIME NEWSSee the sea world !!!Dr. Asha Pillaihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16970644522562051635noreply@blogger.comBlogger77125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2969194764795608912.post-69040740355362235972020-01-13T21:17:00.004+05:302020-01-13T21:17:58.716+05:30CRISIS MANAGEMENT IN SEA PORT OPERATIONS<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEioc9i_kv_OxZmtPt8eva9cwOUk13pSVFsbgRmX5knpR0FD2sDFs7STv4GrEXQpHdMTuezuT7pDQnkWFd9c3AGFkyY4XqEjEagn-McSB0EEZXUUcMhs6ZYphsM5z55okgRfb_nNnMGiV-Ml/s1600/APL+accident+at+antwerp.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="401" data-original-width="770" height="207" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEioc9i_kv_OxZmtPt8eva9cwOUk13pSVFsbgRmX5knpR0FD2sDFs7STv4GrEXQpHdMTuezuT7pDQnkWFd9c3AGFkyY4XqEjEagn-McSB0EEZXUUcMhs6ZYphsM5z55okgRfb_nNnMGiV-Ml/s400/APL+accident+at+antwerp.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: #444444;">Port and shipping are derivatives of international trade flows which
heavily depend on multimodal transport system to cater to the customer
requirements. They are by nature unstable industries and hence crisis is
inevitable. Port crises could occur due to various physical or business originated
causes. The challenge is to identify the crisis and manage it in the first place;
often this judgment in the face of an emergency is what could lead a port to
success or failure. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: #444444;"><br /></span></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #444444;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;">Port industry Crises:</span></b><span style="font-size: 12pt;"> Major causes
of crises are:<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #444444;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">External or Environmental reasons</span></b><span style="font-size: 12pt;">: Phenomena’s
like Hurricanes, earth quakes, tsunami , floods , terrorist attacks , cyber
attacks etc<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #444444;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Accidents:</span></b><span style="font-size: 12pt;"> Collisions, oil spills, structural
damages, hazardous cargo handling issues- explosions and gas leakages, man
equipment interface issues – crane failure, vehicle accidents within and
outside port premises.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-left: 39.6pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.6pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #444444;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Political & Economy related causes</span></b><span style="font-size: 12pt;">: Trade issues, Chokepoints / blockades and increased tensions in a
region cause business loss and market share. Similarly emergence of new
economies cause shift in global trade routes which force some sea ports out of
business and increased business cause congestion in some other ports. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #444444;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Business related issues:</span></b><span style="font-size: 12pt;"> inter port &
inter terminal competitions, increasing container ship sizes demand for costly
investments; merger/takeover/alliances of shipping lines – leave one hub port
and select another one. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #444444;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;">Crisis management</span></b><span style="font-size: 12pt;">: the process of identifying the
source and addressing it effectively is a challenge and such a situation is indeed
a testing field for managerial and leadership talents within the organization. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #444444;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Take measures to prevent the crisis</span></b><span style="font-size: 12pt;">:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Consider all possible threatening situations,
events or processes and formulate a contingency plan. Introduce a 'signal' detecting mechanism which would ring a warning bell to alert a possible crisis.
<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #444444;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Be ready with a crisis management team t</span></b><span style="font-size: 12pt;">o provide a holistic view of the vulnerabilities of the organization
and to address the tactical issues of the crisis. The team need to be refreshed
periodically to bring in new employees into the system. Also, a public opinion
tracking system would be useful to identify concerns outside the port premises.
<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #444444;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Identify and accept the crisis: </span></b><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Due to the “crisis proof” mentality often the
crisis signals get ignored. Constituting a consulting team with inside and
outside personals would help to get multiple perspectives on warning signals and
identify crisis at an early stage itself. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #444444;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Ensure honest and quick information flow </span></b><span style="font-size: 12pt;">across the organization and to the concerned stake holders. This will
help to build trust and confidence among all. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-left: 39.6pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.6pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #444444;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Resolve the crisis</span></b><span style="font-size: 12pt;">: <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>take immediate decisions to turn around the
intensity and also to prevent expansion to other unaffected sections. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: #444444;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: normal; margin-left: 18.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #444444;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Crisis accelerate changes: </span></b></span><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: #444444;">Give up
outdated perceptions and processes, re-asses the needs, listen to employees and
other stakeholders, organise proper training/education/mock drills and formulate a</span></span><span style="color: #444444; font-size: 16px; text-indent: -28.8px;"> simple and uptodate crisis management process which clearly defining the roles and responsibilities of all concerned.</span><span style="color: #444444; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -18pt;">A
well-managed crisis generally develops a sense of togetherness among the employees
which normally last for a longer period.</span></div>
<br />Dr. Asha Pillaihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16970644522562051635noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2969194764795608912.post-91999367299503304552019-02-08T22:10:00.000+05:302019-02-08T22:10:00.238+05:30Slip Sheets Vs Pallets: Cost saving benefits<br />
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<span style="line-height: 107%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Slip sheets are now replacing pallets for better space utilisation within the container and also to reduce transportation cost. </span></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhyYWyy0mSXTbB9ju-VdqpQU1Bb8WIR93JAwhNn3m4hIZ9-Fr_mkjiwdL-TuN2d8ZkV4_QURE4_Tp2zoWGFshEEbFgnlAHGSK5zyZTJ3WOSvZfWiWnI4BDnaCb-ZEO4UxIOMMMnYTHZeZgf/s1600/Slip+Sheets+vs+pallets.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="568" data-original-width="1214" height="297" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhyYWyy0mSXTbB9ju-VdqpQU1Bb8WIR93JAwhNn3m4hIZ9-Fr_mkjiwdL-TuN2d8ZkV4_QURE4_Tp2zoWGFshEEbFgnlAHGSK5zyZTJ3WOSvZfWiWnI4BDnaCb-ZEO4UxIOMMMnYTHZeZgf/s640/Slip+Sheets+vs+pallets.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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<span style="line-height: 107%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The most popular form of unitisation is palletisation. By palletising
the cargo gets protected from loss or damage during handling and transportation.
Also, there is considerable reduction in time and labour required for
stuffing/de-stuffing containers. </span></span></div>
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<span style="line-height: 107%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The drawback is that, pallets reduce the space utilization in
the marine containers. The pallets alone could utilize 10% of the space and
also the clearing height required to be considered. This could further reduce the
space utilization and as a consequence, the transportation cost could go up to
an extent of 15-30%.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="line-height: 107%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 107%;">A viable solution to this issue is the usage of SLIP SHEET.</span>
<span style="line-height: 107%;">It is a thin pallet-sized sheet
made of plastic, heavy laminated kraft paper board, or corrugated fiber board.
The thickness of the slip sheet is approximately 2 centimetres only. They increase the loading space inside the
containe and the handling is easy and fast</span></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 107%;">. </span></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">However, for handling slip sheets, the fork lift requires a
special attachment. </span></div>
<br />Dr. Asha Pillaihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16970644522562051635noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2969194764795608912.post-47708545536512201422018-05-07T12:58:00.002+05:302018-05-07T12:58:34.976+05:30Blockchain technology solutions in shipping and logistics industry.<br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Blockchain</span></i><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"> is the new “buzzword” floating
around the shipping and logistics industry. News about performing successful
test runs of blockchain technology based solutions on various live shipments by
consortium of maritime,IT and logistics industry giants like ‘Maersk,Agility,IBM’<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>, ‘PIL,PSA,IBM’, ‘AB InBev, Accenture, APL,
Kuehne + Nagel and a European customs organization’ have been appearing in the
digital media for<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>a while now. They
claim that this technology eliminates the need for printed shipping documents
and saves hundreds of million dollars annually. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Is blockchain a new internet? How does it work? <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>What is the benefit for the shipping and
logistics industry? Will it be a threat to forwarders and CHAs?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This paper is trying to provide brief answers
to these questions. To read the full paper visit http://www.academia.edu/36577827/Blockchain_technology_solutions_in_shipping_and_logistics_industry</span></span><br />
</div>
<br />Dr. Asha Pillaihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16970644522562051635noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2969194764795608912.post-12070951193414845962018-01-09T11:36:00.002+05:302018-01-09T11:36:31.935+05:30 Maritime Zones under the UNCLOS<div style="direction: ltr; line-height: 90%; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.56in; margin-top: 10pt; text-indent: -0.56in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;">
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<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>United Nations Convention on the Law Of the Sea (UNCLOS) </b>is recognized
as one of the universal legal documents on the seas. UNCLOS (III) contains
provisions to recognize the maritime zones which shall be established by
coastal states. </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><b><u><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Maritime Zones</span></u></b></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><b><u><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></u></b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><b>Internal Waters</b>:</span> <span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">waters on the landward side of normal baseline(low-water line
along the coast)<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>The territorial sea</b>: area extending from internal waters to
the seaward side, usually a width of 12 nautical miles (can be less or more)<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><b>The contiguous zone</b>: 24 nautical miles from baseline from
which the territorial sea is measured, </span> <span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">aimed at preventing violation of laws and regulations within its
territory.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>The Exclusive Economic Zone(EEZ) / Continental Shelf </b>: sea belt extending up to 200 nautical miles
from the baseline.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>The high seas</b>: all part of sea excluding EEZ, Contiguous
& territorial sea.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<b><u><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The rights of
Coastal states on zones<o:p></o:p></span></span></u></b></div>
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<b><u><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></u></b></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.12px;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">UNCLOS also states the rights and obligations of the states on managing and governing their activities including protection and preservation of natural resources in the respective zones.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>Internal Waters</b> : The coastal state exercises full
sovereignty over its internal waters, and foreign ships while in this water is to
observe the laws and regulations of this state .<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>The territorial sea</b>:
rights to enforce laws relating to safe navigation and pollution, entitled
to enforce international laws. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><b>The contiguous zone:</b> </span> <span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">a coastal state has its rights in a
contiguous zone to defend its interests by stopping foreign ship supposed to be
an offender in order to search, inspect or punish the offenders against its
laws and regulations.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>The Exclusive Economic Zone:</b>
ownership of economic resources, control on pollution and prevention
rights. 3rd party enjoy freedom of
navigation, cable/pipeline laying etc.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>The high seas</b>: open to
all states, vessels can proceed without interference from other ships</span>.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
Dr. Asha Pillaihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16970644522562051635noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2969194764795608912.post-72906242983904855372017-12-08T10:11:00.004+05:302017-12-08T10:14:46.385+05:30The “Floating Metro”: Kochi Water Metro Project<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJPdeUhhCVQTQTCxn59NiT3zAuUsdLsTkvN7pj4cGn4rsutK6GkW72QsePW8KXtMjW7sIoxB6m0B2b3oWOWaaRHS3-LxBPnxFuDwdW0cfn7QxbAYcYCKDBZxvfHvbWm4eo8edjUruvDQqQ/s1600/water+metro+graphics.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="720" data-original-width="1280" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJPdeUhhCVQTQTCxn59NiT3zAuUsdLsTkvN7pj4cGn4rsutK6GkW72QsePW8KXtMjW7sIoxB6m0B2b3oWOWaaRHS3-LxBPnxFuDwdW0cfn7QxbAYcYCKDBZxvfHvbWm4eo8edjUruvDQqQ/s400/water+metro+graphics.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Kochi
Water Metro is an integrated water transport project in Greater Kochi region
proposed by Kochi Metro Rail Ltd (KMRL) under </span><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">Unified
Metro Transport Authority( U</span><span style="font-size: 13pt;">MTA, Kochi) to achieve synergy between the land and water modes.
This project plans to connect islands situated closer to the mainland by way of
sophisticated boats. Kochi will be among the few cities in Asia and the first
city in the country to have water connectivity as a feeder service to the
metro. </span></div>
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgHA-CuoeK-h9WfnyeO3QHeNvtcm7H9HQUdkczXHR0L5ext9xvoGJvJnAqOMTQEOB8m5IwD2U53dawkf1GIdM8Fd-3b943MlglyBt4g3IQS6U6WQYX4YTKEgSNE0UFfOr1g4CEsy1NHbbrV/s1600/kochi+water+metro.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="480" data-original-width="480" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgHA-CuoeK-h9WfnyeO3QHeNvtcm7H9HQUdkczXHR0L5ext9xvoGJvJnAqOMTQEOB8m5IwD2U53dawkf1GIdM8Fd-3b943MlglyBt4g3IQS6U6WQYX4YTKEgSNE0UFfOr1g4CEsy1NHbbrV/s400/kochi+water+metro.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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</div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"> Source : KMRL</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">The
water metro is expected to extended the “metro facility” to another 76 kms by
connecting 10 islands around Kochi by way of modern sophisticated passenger
boats. About 16 routes are identified and it is estimated that 38 jetties and
78 boats would be required to make the project operational. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgjVD4LWai34rh2CxAZx8e1g6_noo4W159wJI6MrvXFTwWjCrKSMuo8i-HwkMz_fAPlGS4Bikz7oWh0jZQEO32OC8s9l0GcJPvlM6fGulKTQM6nWCrmTyFJDMjIlkHZeoBWJdAiE6Sbwmes/s1600/kochi+metro+UMTA.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="278" data-original-width="414" height="267" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgjVD4LWai34rh2CxAZx8e1g6_noo4W159wJI6MrvXFTwWjCrKSMuo8i-HwkMz_fAPlGS4Bikz7oWh0jZQEO32OC8s9l0GcJPvlM6fGulKTQM6nWCrmTyFJDMjIlkHZeoBWJdAiE6Sbwmes/s400/kochi+metro+UMTA.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> Source : KMRL</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Total
cost estimated for the project is INR 819 crores. The German funding agency,
Kreditanstalt fur Wiederaufbau (KfW) is supporting KMRL with a loan of EUR
85-million (around INR 597 crore) and
the French funding agency, Agence Francaise de Developpement (AFD), offers the
technical support for the reforms. The
project is expected to be operational from April 2018. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-no-proof: yes;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="Picture_x0020_15" o:spid="_x0000_i1026" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:348pt;
height:306pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:/Users/ASHAPI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image003.jpg"
o:title="water metro cost"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><!--[endif]--></span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhbxmR0HWn9gJ_ljZg81fsUlB2GtrlmhPiXsYCX-8dwZWqmfEGv6LgBJFLu9wu-xE5wCUAwzUUAJJ5Rv9S2f4UQvszpxbKuvzRCwWP3DYvhQgDXwTjh99U7gGuJvAT28I2AncWakOJcYbKw/s1600/water+metro+cost.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="464" data-original-width="344" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhbxmR0HWn9gJ_ljZg81fsUlB2GtrlmhPiXsYCX-8dwZWqmfEGv6LgBJFLu9wu-xE5wCUAwzUUAJJ5Rv9S2f4UQvszpxbKuvzRCwWP3DYvhQgDXwTjh99U7gGuJvAT28I2AncWakOJcYbKw/s400/water+metro+cost.jpg" width="295" /></a></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> Source : KMRL<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Impact on islands<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><br /></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">As
the bridge road connections between the Kochi city and islands becoming
increasingly congested and in a constant state of poor repair, the demand for a
revival of the much cheaper water mode has been rapidly increasing. The
efficiency, reliability and mobility offered by the proposed water metro system
will have a direct impact on island communities. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Along
with the connecting jetties the rural roads also will be developed. Feeder
services such as mini buses and auto rickshaws would ensure connectivity to all
nook and corners of the islands. This will dramatically improve the overall
transport facilities and also would significantly enhance the islanders access
to the urban facilities in the mainland. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-no-proof: yes;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_13" o:spid="_x0000_i1025"
type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:450.75pt;height:199.5pt;visibility:visible;
mso-wrap-style:square'>
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o:title=""/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><!--[endif]--></span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg7KuUCa6HabZ4G6m6dP-PmjMuBP7C50FMv1lf7g5kFPajrFS0Ihm5WmhhrR8mde2-KrJRsBZAMWjAKscCZLs_T4aaMBDLS22bUi01A6UFgI_uIaTadtE2WxYzTCagivS6CAQbQnDCR3CaC/s1600/island.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="768" data-original-width="1366" height="223" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg7KuUCa6HabZ4G6m6dP-PmjMuBP7C50FMv1lf7g5kFPajrFS0Ihm5WmhhrR8mde2-KrJRsBZAMWjAKscCZLs_T4aaMBDLS22bUi01A6UFgI_uIaTadtE2WxYzTCagivS6CAQbQnDCR3CaC/s400/island.png" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Source
: </span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><a href="http://www.google.com/">www.google.com</a></span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">These
infrastructure development plans surely would serve as a catalyst for the
overall economic growth of the islands around Kochi. The proposed commercial
complexes in the jetties would enhance the job and self-employment
opportunities of the islanders. Once the project gets successfully implemented
the now sleepy islands would turn in to bustling haven of commerce and
ecotourism.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
Dr. Asha Pillaihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16970644522562051635noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2969194764795608912.post-60540551116461945852017-11-25T10:17:00.001+05:302017-11-25T10:17:23.616+05:30Regulatory role of Port State Control<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Maritime regulations are required
to ensure that shipping companies operate within the same standards of safety and
environmental responsibility as applicable to companies operating on land. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Who
are the regulators?<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">The maritime regulators who
are responsible to formulate and implement the regulations are <b><i>UN -
IMO</i></b> to regulate on matters related to ship safety, pollution prevention
and security <i>and<b> ILO</b></i> is responsible for laws governing the people on board the
ship, <b>the <i>classification societies</i></b> (the technical advisors) and the <b><i>maritime
states</i></b>. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Maritime states have two regulatory
roles to play - one as <b>Flag State</b> who
has governing power on its own flag ships and the second one as <b>Coastal State</b>, who has powers to enforce
international law related to safe navigation and prevention of pollution on
ships in its territorial waters. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Hlk499366982"><b><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Port State Control<o:p></o:p></span></b></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Hlk499366982"><b><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><br /></span></b></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">More and more of ships were
getting registered under the flag of convenience due to the commercially
favourable terms of registration. Some of the flag states were not enforcing
international maritime regulations on its own flag ships and this gave way to
the Port State control movement. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">UNCLOS 1982 allows coastal
states to legislate for the “good conduct” of ships in their territorial seas.
Using these rights to enforce international regulations in its territorial
waters, the coastal states initiated the port state control movement.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">This movement started in
Europe in 1978 to ensure that foreign merchant ships calling at their ports
comply with the relevant maritime conventions which was got formalized in 1982
by signing Paris MoU. Ships may be
subject to port state control inspection while at port or proceeding to a port to
identify deficiencies in ships, its equipment or its crew.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Port
State Control Inspection<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">The port state control
maritime government uses its maritime agency (eg: Mercantile Marine Department)
to undertake the inspection on ships which are in their territorial waters. The
maritime agency employs professionally qualified maritime personnel such as marine
surveyors/ superintendents etc to carry out the required inspections. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">The port state control inspection
normally has three parts: <b>General
external inspection</b> of the ship, <b>a
check of certificates</b> and ‘<b>Walk
around’</b> to inspect the condition of exposed decks, cargo handling gear,
navigation and radio equipment, life-saving appliances, fire - fighting
arrangements, machinery spaces, pollution prevention equipment, living and
working conditions. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">A detention order will be made
in case of serious deficiencies. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
Dr. Asha Pillaihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16970644522562051635noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2969194764795608912.post-68966211643199618342017-03-08T12:29:00.003+05:302017-03-08T12:29:38.863+05:30How to identify the stowage position of a container on board a ship?<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Each container on board a
container ship has a stowage position. Bay plan (stowage plan) is a diagram used
for stowage planning (ship loading). It shows the cross section of a ship, with
the stowage positions of each container. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">A unique six digit number is
allocated for every such positions, eg:- 020584. This number indicates on which
Bay , on which Row at what height (tier) the container is positioned, 02 (Bay)/05(Row)/84(tier)
on board the ship.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The Bay</span></h3>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">A bay on a ship can be
compared to a slice on a loaf of bread. Each bay is given a 2 digit number, 0dd
numbers (01,03,05..) for 20’ bays and even (02,04,06..) numbers for 40’ bays.
The number increases form bow to stern. The first 2 digits on the stowage position
indicates the bay and it identifies the position of the container (Lengthwise),
fore , mid and aft, on the ship. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The Row</span></h3>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The 3<sup>rd</sup> and 4<sup>th</sup>
digits on the stowage position indicate the row in which the container is
stowed. It identifies the position of the container left to right (width wise)
on the ship. Starting from centreline of the ship , rows to the right (starboard)
have odd numbers and rows to the left (port) have even numbers. For the ships
which have even number of rows in total (15,17,19..), the centre row is
numbered “00”.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The Tier (height)</span></h3>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The bay and row position
indicates whether the container is towards bow or stern and whether it is
positioned towards left (portside) or right (starboard side) on the ship. The tier indicates at what height the
container is stowed. Containers stacked at the bottom of ships are numbered 02,
which grows upwards 04,06,08.., in the under deck stack. Whereas numbering on
deck starts from 82 for containers stacked on the hatch cover and the numbers
grow upwards , 84,86,88…for on deck stacking. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">So , stowage position 020584
indicates that the container is on a 40’ bay near the bow , 3<sup>rd</sup> row
towards right (starboard) , second tier on deck.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Dr. Asha Pillaihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16970644522562051635noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2969194764795608912.post-17482588333598499922016-12-28T17:56:00.001+05:302016-12-28T17:59:21.558+05:30INTEGRATED TRANSPORT MODEL FOR DOMESTIC LCL SHIPMENTS <br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">1. Introduction<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">One
of the challenges Indian coastal shipping faces is the non-availability of
return cargo. Cargo consolidation or LCL (Less than Container Load) shipments could
be a viable and economic solution for the cargo flow imbalance currently
plaguing the sector. Consolidation is the process of combining various small
parcels into one unit in order to realize lower transportation rates. This
system is effectively utilized by the customers in the international container shipping
sector. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"></a><a href="https://www.blogger.com/" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"></a><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">The
domestic consolidated cargo sector is currently been monopolized by the road
traffic.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A combination network of
‘Road-Rail-Coastal Shipping-Road’ could be effectively used to provide an
economic and efficient door-to-door transportation solution for domestic LCL
traffic. Intermodal logistics has tremendous potential to increase supply chain
efficiencies of the country. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">2. Suggested procedure
for domestic LCL shipment<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">At
the place of origin (eg.Delhi ), the individual parcels of cargo could be
collected from the customers by truck/van and brought to a CFS / warehouse for
consolidation. The stuffed containers could then move to the gateway port (eg,
Mundra, Pipavav) by way of rail /or road and to be shifted to the coastal ship
for the long leg haul to the destination port (eg, Cochin ,Tuticorin) . The
process could be reversed at the port of destination and at the final place of
delivery (eg , Kollam , Thirunelveli).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><o:p> </o:p></span><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shapetype id="_x0000_t75" coordsize="21600,21600"
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJ0pe-D2mHDpMkTlQZjlUy7gPO6rfU20qet62IOrxI1VHJPt3QAludis-ZQVZLxqNHeuvx1xSANklAvX4wotVqpyOeslHM6brPRJb_ajiVidCJAHGnT4fzCRX3KsbIrb-w9npYAC1VO_oy/s1600/integrated+transport+model+for+LCL+containers.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="196" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJ0pe-D2mHDpMkTlQZjlUy7gPO6rfU20qet62IOrxI1VHJPt3QAludis-ZQVZLxqNHeuvx1xSANklAvX4wotVqpyOeslHM6brPRJb_ajiVidCJAHGnT4fzCRX3KsbIrb-w9npYAC1VO_oy/s400/integrated+transport+model+for+LCL+containers.png" width="400" /></a></div>
<br />
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%;">Fig:1
<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<br />
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%;">Integrated
Transport Model for LCL Containers<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">However,
an expected bottle neck in this process would be the first/last mile
connectivity and consolidation /break bulk of cargo.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>And the suggested solution to this issue is a
logistics system based on milk-run concept which is explained here under. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">2.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Model for First and Last Mile Connectivity <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">A
Milk Run in logistics is a round trip that facilitates both distribution and
collection at the same time. By making frequent stops, a truck can pick up many
types of materials originating from several suppliers and drop off goods
destined for various customers, all in the same run. This allows direct
pick-ups and drop-offs to be planned more frequently, without having to wait
for full truckloads. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This method is successfully implemented in
many industries for accelerating the flow of products between various
production processes by planning truck routes in such a way that they collect
and deliver materials for many different processes at once.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: center;">
<br />
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</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><!--[endif]--></span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><o:p></o:p></span><br /></div>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><o:p></o:p></span><br />
<br />
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%;">Fig:2<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%;">The
Milk Run Concept in Logistics<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">2.2 Procedure for Milk-Run<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">The
procedure for this concept in logistics consists of fixing <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">-</span><span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Proper
route and schedule <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">-</span><span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">weight
and volume of parcels collected/distributed at both ends<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">-</span><span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">delivery
frequency, time slots, maximum number of customers included etc. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">While
setting the procedure, priorities must be given to the customer needs rather
than the operator’s comfort. To begin with, the Multimodal Transport Operators
(MTO) could work out a joint operation with the locally available distributers
such as courier services, newspaper distributors, packaged food distributers etc
for the collection and distribution of parcels. This could be advantageous for
both the parties.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Once sufficient volume
is build up, the MTO can set up his own system.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">For
the visibility and traceability of the supply chain a one stop-shop, such as a
single electronic window, which integrates the administrative processes,
timetables and invoices etc covering the whole intermodal chain, should be
established to make it more customer friendly.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">3. Suggested Pilot Study
<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Kerala,
being a consumer state, depends on other states for meeting with most of its day
to day requirements for all kinds of commodities. These commodities are
presently moved by road. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A pilot study
could be carried out by networking the existing non- major ports which are
fairly connected with road, rail and inland waterways. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">A
short summary of goods moved in to/from Kerala is given here under.<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">a. Food Items</span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"> : Kerala consumes large volumes
of<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>rice , wheat, atta, biscuits,
chocolates, ground nuts, soft drinks, edible oil, mineral water, liquor and
beer, branded food items, milk powder etc and at present it is being moved by
road. There is scope for exploring the possibility of these commodities being
moved by coastal shipping in LCL mode.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">b. White Goods</span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">: These products include items such as
refrigerators, computers, plastic goods, bicycles, TV/VCD / DVD players, fancy
goods, gifts articles, glassware, kitchen products, motor vehicles, telephone,
washing machines and related spares / equipment. These goods get moved mainly
from Delhi, Noida / Gurgaon, NCR, Maharashtra, Gujarat and Tamilnadu region and
are currently being moved by road.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">c. Vegetable and Fruits:</span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"> Vegetables like potato, onion, garlic
are mainly procured from Maharashtra. Approximately Kerala consumes onion,
potato and garlic together around 1 lakh tons per day. These are also moved by
road currently.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">d. Industrial Goods: </span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Goods like spares, parts for
automobiles, chemicals, polymers and acids, packing cases, bags, etc. are
mainly procured from Tamil Nadu, Karnataka and Gujarat and is getting moved by
road.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">e. Other General Goods:</span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"> These goods include paints,
medicines, polythene, pipes and fittings, books, tins, cables, generators,
glass surgical equipment etc are procured from Tamil Nadu, Karnataka,
Maharashtra, Goa, and Gujarat. These are being moved by road.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">f. Spices, Cashew,
Coconut, Coir, And Natural Rubber:</span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>These are the products moving out of Kerala
to other states and are also moved mainly by road at present.These products
have major domestic markets in Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, West Bengal, Delhi
and NCR. These are also potential cargo for the LCL business. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">As
per estimates, around 20,000 trucks bring goods into and another 2000 are
carrying goods from Kerala every day.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>These commodities which are presently moved by road could be
consolidated and stuffed in containers and moved by coastal shipping wherever
possible. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">4. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Create awareness to promote mode shift<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">There
is absolutely no doubt that an automatic shift from road to water transport
system will not be possible. Generally, the shippers’ transport mode choice
depends mainly on benefits of transport services such as cost, frequency,
reliability, flexibility etc . The reasons for shippers to switch
modes/operations have not been effectively demonstrated or communicated to
them. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Coastal shipping could be considered
by shippers as a viable option only if it is proven through high-visibility
demonstration projects and studies.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify;">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"></a><a href="https://www.blogger.com/" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Awareness
needs to be created among users on the benefits of coastal shipping as well as
integrated multi-modal service models.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Customer Support centres should be opened at all ports, ICD/CFS and at
economic clusters jointly by state maritime boards / IWAI/ INSA etc to create
awareness among the shipping community and also to clarify their doubts and
support them with required information.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Awareness
programmes should be organised to promote coastal shipping sector and also to
familiarize with the latest customs /port procedures with an overall objective
of promoting intermodal solutions. The facilities of local Steamer Agents and
Custom House Agents’ Associations should be utilised for organizing periodical
trainings /conferences and troubleshooting workshops. Also, success stories in
this sector should be advertised.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Intermodal
logistics has tremendous potential to increase supply chain efficiencies of the
country. The right policy incentives from the government and business interests
from the private sector should work hand in hand to spur growth in this sector.
The Central and State Governments’ innovative initiatives to promote coastal
shipping also expected to promote inter-modality into a competitive and
economically viable reality.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><o:p> </o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++<o:p></o:p></span></div>
Dr. Asha Pillaihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16970644522562051635noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2969194764795608912.post-14336546319518481682016-08-23T11:48:00.004+05:302016-08-23T11:52:44.745+05:30“Cabotage” – What does it mean ?<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2cm;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px; line-height: 28px;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 2cm;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">The word “cabotage”
is supposed to be evolved from the French word “ Caboter” meaning ‘sail along a coast’. As per records the word cabotage has been in
use related to coastal trade from mid-19<sup>th</sup>
century onwards. In a coastal transport system, the travel of a passenger or
cargo begins and ends in the same country. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2.0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">Few popular definitions
of cabotage are as under: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 74.7pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">-<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">the English language
dictionary defines cabotage as ‘transport of passengers and goods within the
same national territory’. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 74.7pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">-<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">Another definition is
that ‘ the right to operate sea, air, or other transport services within a
particular territory. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 74.7pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">-<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">Or, ‘restrictions of the operation of sea air or other transport
services within or into a particular country to that country’s own transport
services .<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2.0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">In simple words, “Cabotage” is a principle regulating shipping activities,
which takes place within a country's waters, and recognises that a country is
entitled to restrict the activities of foreign vessels operating within its
waters. This principle has an important bearing on a country’s coastal shipping
trade and is expected to protect and promote the domestic shipping sector of
the country. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2.0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">Most of the maritime nations placed restrictions on
movement of cargo or passengers along coastal ports of their country by their
own flag vessels. Countries like USA practices an absolute cabotage (Jones Act)
, which requires all goods shipped among US sea ports be
carried by US built, flagged, operated and crewed vessels. Where as many other
nations, including India, relaxed the
cabotage principle to promote the EXIM trade. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2.0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2.0cm;">
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">In India the Cabotage, which is provisioned in section
406 & 407 part XIV of Merchant Shipping Act,1958, is not absolute .
According to this law, only Indian flag vessels can carry cargo from one Indian
port to another Indian port . However , permission can be granted to foreign
flag vessels to carry cargo between Indian ports , in case Indian flag ships
are not available. The notification of Govt of India with regard to cabotage
relaxation for transhipment port is attached here under:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Dr. Asha Pillaihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16970644522562051635noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2969194764795608912.post-64651779757966756132016-03-08T12:31:00.002+05:302016-03-08T12:34:31.146+05:30Hub – and- Spoke Transshipment Model <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Hub and Spoke is a system of
distribution of goods, passengers and data, in which the items to be distributed are routed in to
/ out through a center point. This system
is widely used in transportation (air & sea) and also in supply chains. The
Hub & spoke model is named for the bicycle wheel, which has a stable centre
part connecting to multiple spokes which holds the wheel. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjWtQHE6OnUBBy7fIqOf6k5Hm_4mhx0w-wulT5a_yfhLHquqHZjWoYVT9cUdM02mZ-zwHgVU5l0YGhGE4c33Bg2ilfycrbXidTmyIJfHWnPsuHjaPmZjcrl2wUWLWSEpiFB_O0xGoTGgBQc/s1600/Cycle+wheel.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><img border="0" height="302" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjWtQHE6OnUBBy7fIqOf6k5Hm_4mhx0w-wulT5a_yfhLHquqHZjWoYVT9cUdM02mZ-zwHgVU5l0YGhGE4c33Bg2ilfycrbXidTmyIJfHWnPsuHjaPmZjcrl2wUWLWSEpiFB_O0xGoTGgBQc/s320/Cycle+wheel.jpg" width="320" /></span></a></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">In maritime industry the hub and
spoke model is used for transhipment of containers. Transhipment is a process
of moving containers from one ship to another keeping a port as a temporary
buffer storage area. So, the hub and spoke maritime network has a fixed centre point called HUB (transhipment)
PORT , which connects short distance cargo ports called feeder ports by spokes
namely feeder ships. The hub port generally will be geographically a central
location, which has an easy access to the region. Colombo is a popular hub port
for Indian Sub-Continent region.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhYdMZjoTxtGNo7KLGD7YP1xadiw3sEmB3C_n5f9qb6BTrBAerzLjCZfY5KB0YzcLiNAV4JVaYhPvvpchjAP1L6dOZGLATtKLva1HDuQ2D2eREMzs9hijxm1XNZ10OemK4hzAK7j935Coe2/s1600/Colombo.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><img border="0" height="247" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhYdMZjoTxtGNo7KLGD7YP1xadiw3sEmB3C_n5f9qb6BTrBAerzLjCZfY5KB0YzcLiNAV4JVaYhPvvpchjAP1L6dOZGLATtKLva1HDuQ2D2eREMzs9hijxm1XNZ10OemK4hzAK7j935Coe2/s400/Colombo.jpg" width="400" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Hub & Spoke Transshipment Port - Colombo </span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The Shipping lines chose hub ports in strategic regions to
achieve economy of scale and to optimise services. <o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhXNMuoxZ5Vyy_jNc_By9Svi5TfSL80s3DPXO6iokRhR4OHgO4UzhKXoucexmRoAF_O1nITrVrGlO2E-SwpoWfccMSIz1G-8z3zIHheX5fJ5hs4elroYcjbAA3YRRdyldUyV4AgAlugsgim/s1600/intl+line+hubs.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><img border="0" height="276" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhXNMuoxZ5Vyy_jNc_By9Svi5TfSL80s3DPXO6iokRhR4OHgO4UzhKXoucexmRoAF_O1nITrVrGlO2E-SwpoWfccMSIz1G-8z3zIHheX5fJ5hs4elroYcjbAA3YRRdyldUyV4AgAlugsgim/s400/intl+line+hubs.jpg" width="400" /></span></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">How shipping lines do chose hub
ports? The choice depends on the line’s overall logistics strategy and the
seaport’s geographical, strategical, economical, physical, political,
environmental and inter-modal advantages. <o:p></o:p></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The hub and spoke system also is used in intersection transhipments
where in the hub port act as a point for changing containers from one long
distance ship to another long distance one , continent to continent
transhipments. Example of Rotterdam port is given below. <o:p></o:p></span><br />
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<br />Dr. Asha Pillaihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16970644522562051635noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2969194764795608912.post-49083456390814528372016-02-15T12:14:00.003+05:302016-02-15T12:16:07.604+05:30CASE STUDY: - INTERMODAL MOVEMENT OF FOOD GRAINS BY FOOD CORPORATION OF INDIA WITH LONGEST LEG SERVICED BY COASTAL SHIPPING.<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-outline-level: 1; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: right; text-autospace: none;">
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">1.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Case Context<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Food
Corporation of India (FCI) was incorporated with the function of undertaking
purchase, storage, movement, transportation, distribution and sale of food
grains on behalf of the Government of India (GOI).</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">A
national food security system of the GOI is operated under an operational framework
involving procurement of food grains through price support operations by fixing
Minimum Support Price (MSP), maintenance of buffer stocks, food subsidy regime,
and allocation and distribution of food grains to weaker and vulnerable
sections of society through Targeted Public Distribution system (TPDS). <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Timely
and efficient procurement and building up of adequate buffer stocks in the Central
Pool through efficient storage and movement of food grains are important
functions of the food security strategy of the GOI. Storage management and
movement of food grains, therefore, are important links in the whole system
from procurement to distribution of food grains to the consumers.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Procurement
of food grains for the Central Pool is carried out by agencies such as FCI, State
Government Agencies (SGAs) and private rice millers. In addition, 10 states and
UTs, which are presently under Decentralized Procurement (DCP) scheme, also
procure food grains for the Central Pool. The procured food grains are taken
over into the Central Pool by FCI, are stored in both its owned capacity and
hired godowns in different parts of the country. The function of distribution
of food grains to the consumers is carried out by the State Governments through
TPDS and OWS (Other Welfare Schemes). The food grains are also disposed of by
the FCI and State Governments based on allocation of the GOI through sale under
the Open Market Sales Scheme (OMSS).</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">FCI
is the only agency entrusted with the movement of the Central Pool food grains
from procuring and surplus states to deficit and consuming states. The movement
of food grains from the Central Pool is carried out by FCI through rail and
road transportation system across the country. The Table:1 given below shows a
comparison of movement of food grains by rail, road and water for the period
from 2006-7 to 2011-12. The movement of food grains by water mode in nil.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Table.1<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-size: 8pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">(Govt. of India,
Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution, Report No.7 of
2013(Performance Audit), Report of the Comptroller and Auditor General of India
on Storage Management and Movement of Food grains in Food Corporation of India,
for the year ended March 2012.)<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">During
the above mentioned six year period, the rail movement constituted about 92%
and the remaining 8% was moved by road for short distances and between places
which are not connected by rail. Considering the present status of the heavily congested
rail/road transport network, a more effective, efficient and economic transportation
network, such as a road – sea – road combination with the longest leg being serviced
by coastal shipping is desirable. This case study deals with the multimodal
transportation of bagged food grains in marine containers from designated
depots of Kakinada (Andhra Pradesh) to designated depots in Kerala through
coastal movement via Kakinada and Cochin Ports.<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"> </span></b><b style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> </b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">2 </span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Approach for Analysis<o:p></o:p></span></b></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">A
comparative assessment regarding the cost differential for moving rice in containers
from the FCI depots in Kakinada to the FCI depots in Cochin will bring out the
following facts :-<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">1.<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Approximate
cost for transportation of 25MT rice
from Kakinada depot to Cochin Depot by Rail .<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">2.<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Approximate
cost for transportation of 25MT rice from Kakinada depot to Cochin Depot by
road.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">3.<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> Approximate cost for transportation of 1 x 20’
container carrying 25MT rice from Kakinada depot to Cochin Depot by Coastal Shipping.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Apart
from providing an insight into the cost factor, the study also throws light on
other benefits the FCI would avail itself of by the containerized movement of
food grains.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">3 Case Text<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">FCI
in Kerala Region receives on an average 15 lakh metric tonne of food grains
from central pool (wheat& row rice from Northern Region and Boiled rice
from Andhra Pradesh) per annum by rail, which is stocked in depots close to the
rail lines at various destinations and use road movement for further
distribution.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">As
per the performance audit report by the Comptroller and Auditor General of
India (report no.7 of 2013 on storage, management and movement of food grains
in FCI) ,the FCI sustains huge monetary loss due to the shortfall in supply of
rakes by railways , inefficiencies in
the movement of food grain and other operational losses. Hence, the FCI has
initiated a pilot movement of 20,000 MT of bagged rice in containers on a
monthly basis through coastal shipping from Kakinada Port to Cochin Port to
check the feasibility of an alternative cost effective transportation mode to
improve the food grain movements and to reduce the losses. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Based
on the available data, a cost analysis has been done and it reveals that FCI
could save Rs.15,451.50 per MT , i.e. , Rs 1,23,612,00 per monthly allocation
of 20,000 MT (800x20’containers) on transportation cost by shifting the traffic
to coastal shipping.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Table.2<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2cm;"> From
Cochin, as shown in the Table 3 given below, further distribution of rice could
be done by road to other nearby locations, wherever the FCI has its depots.</span></div>
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<b><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Table.3<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Similarly,
by utilizing other minor ports of Kerala FCI could divert a sizable amount of
the grains movement to coastal shipping which is clean, green and cost effective.
If the current facility or shipment volume doesn’t justify direct call of a
coastal vessel to the non-major ports, the IWT mode (IV or RSV) could be deployed
from Cochin Port. A map, Fig. 2, showing the possible network options are given
below. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Source: Port
Department, Kerala<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Fig:1</span></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Networking
- FCI Depos with Cochin Port and other<br />
Non-Major Ports of Kerala<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">4. Other benefits by diverting FCI
cargo to Coastal mode<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">As per the
performance audit report No.7 of 2013, by the Comptroller and Auditor General
of India on storage, management and movement of food grains in FCI for the
period 2006-’07 to 2011-‘12, the FCI loses heavily on transportation due to the
shortfall in supply of rakes by railways, inefficiencies in the movement of
food grain and other operational issues related to the movement. The FCI could
successfully overcome a number of issues enumerated below by shifting to the
containerized movement of food grains by coastal shipping.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">i.<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">To overcome
losses due to shortfall in supply of rakes by Railways :<o:p></o:p></span></b></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Due to operational constraints, Railways could not
supply rakes as per planned requirements of FCI and did not adhere to the
date-wise and destination-wise movement plan. As per the Table 4.4 given below,
supply of rakes by the railway shows variation ranging from 6% to 17%, which is
of major concern. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Table.4<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Source :Govt of India, Ministry of consumer Affairs,
Food & Public distribution<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">ii.<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">To minimize
inefficiencies in movement of food grains. </span></b><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">According to the audit report, various inefficiencies
in movement of food grains by railways resulted in avoidable expenditure,
losses and delays in settlement of claims on account of the following reasons:<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">• <b>Rebooking and diversion of railway rakes</b>
– </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Rebooking
takes place when consignment is booked to any other station after it reaches
its original destination, while
diversion of consignment to other station is effected before it reaches its
destination station. </span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">In 2011-12 the expenditure was Rs.28.85 crore.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">This was mainly due to
non-availability of storage space at the original destinations and unplanned
diversions of rakes. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">• <b>Demurrage payment to railways</b> – Delay
in loading and unloading of wagons attracts demurrage payment by FCI to
Railways.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">While
in respect of operations carried out on contract basis, demurrage for delays is
recoverable from contractors, FCI is responsible for demurrage relating to
operations carried out through its departmental labour. </span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Average
expenditure due to demurrage was Rs.59.52 crore per year. </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Payment of demurrage charges showed
an increasing trend over the period from 22.73crore (2006-07) to 132.51 crore
(2011-12).<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">• <b>Delay in reconciliation of missing and
unconnected wagons</b>– Diversion</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> of food grains wagons occurred both at the instance of FCI
and due to certain operational exigencies of the Railways. Diversion of wagons
at times resulted in unconnected or missing wagons for the receiving depots.
According to the reconciliation system followed in FCI, claims are lodged with
the Railways in case of non-delivery of the wagon, the liability of which lies
upon the Railways. Thereafter, a reconciliation of missing and unconnected
wagons is done by the Zonal Claim Cell (ZCC) of FCI with the respective Zonal
Railways. The un-reconciled missing and unconnected wagons are then taken up by
FCI headquarters with the Railway Board for match adjustment. </span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">In 2011-12
the value of missing wagon accounted to Rs.11.24 crore and value of unconnected
wagons was Rs.6.82 crore. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">• <b>Non-settlement of refund claims of freight</b>-
Claims</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">
of refund arise when the FCI has paid the Railways in excess of what was
actually due and claims should be lodged with the Railways for refund. Excess
payment of freight by FCI to Railways could be due to various reasons such as
erroneous calculation of freight, double payment of freight, diversion of
wagons /rakes, etc. </span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">In March 2012 the pendency of refund claims of freight
is accounted for Rs.58.11 crores and the audit also observed that the claims
lodged with Railways were pending for settlement for 1 year to 32 years.<sup><o:p></o:p></sup></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">• <b>Excess payment of railway freight</b>–As
per the audit report, a test check of cases for the period 2006-07 to 2010-11
revealed that the FCI continued to pay at higher slabs and this had resulted in
payment of excess freight to an extent of
Rs 3.47 crore for dispatches from Andhra Pradesh to various
destinations.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">iii.<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">To eliminate
operational issues such as transit losses :-<o:p></o:p></span></b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Transit loss
is the difference between the weight dispatched by the consignor and the weight
received by the consignee which may occur during transit due to pilferage,
short loading of wagons, spillages, multiple handlings of bags, driage, etc.</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Audit observed that during
the six year period from 2006-07 to 2011-12 the financial impact of transit
losses over and above the target limit was Rs. 97.91 crore. </span><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">iv.<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Incentives
for Coastal Shipping by Govt. of Kerala :-<o:p></o:p></span></b></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"> Government
of Kerala is providing incentives for coastal cargo movement at the rate
of Rs.1 /ton/km vide GO (Rt) No
24/2013/F&PD dated 16-01-2013 (Annexure No:13 ). An additional incentive in
the form of rebate in port charges is also proposed for coastal cargo movement
along the Kerala Coast.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">v.<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Bunker
Rebate for Coastal Ships by Govt. of Kerala:- </span></b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"> Government
of Kerala reduced the tax (VAT) to 5% for the sale of furnace oil to coastal
ships as fuel vide notification no: GO (P) No 100/2014 dated 21-06-2014 . In the event of recent rail freight hike by
6.5%, this rebate would be a relief and expected to further reduce the
transportation cost of the grain movement by coastal shipping. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">REFERENCES<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -36.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">1.<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Deloitte
Touche Tohmatsu India Pvt. Ltd (2011), <i>Preparation
of strategy road map cum action plan for development of coastal shipping in
Kerala </i>, Final Report, prepared for The Directorate of Ports, Govt Kerala,
June 2011.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -36.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-US">2.<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US">Directorate
of Ports, Govt. of Kerala and Food Corporation of India (2013), <i>Report on Reverine movement of food grains
to Kerala Region</i>, December 2013. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -36.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-US">3.<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US">Govt.
of India, Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution, Report
No.7 of 2013(Performance Audit), <i>Report
of the Comptroller and Auditor General of India on Storage Management and
Movement of Food grains in Food Corporation of India</i>, for the year ended
March 2012.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -36.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-US">4.<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]-->Food Corporation of India
Website - <span lang="EN-US"><a href="http://www.fci.gov.in/"><span lang="EN-IN">http://www.fci.gov.in/</span></a></span> <span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<br /></div>
Dr. Asha Pillaihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16970644522562051635noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2969194764795608912.post-69598102537529142272015-12-04T12:42:00.000+05:302019-01-09T13:00:45.281+05:30The Blue Economy – Ocean based economies<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Oceans cover 72% of the
surface of our blue planet and life
originated in the Oceans ! Even today ocean provide a substantial portion of
the global population with food and livelihood. And oceans are the means of
transportation for about 80% of global trade. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The oceans have the
potential to meet the sustainable business needs of today’s world and hence
they have a major role to play in humanity’s future. Sea bed currently provides
32% of global supply of hydrocarbons and the exploration is keep expanding. In
addition, the sea bed mining is happening for sourcing sea based mineral
resources. Sea also offers vast potential for renewable “Blue Energy”
production from wind, wave, tidal, thermal and biomass sources. Marine and
coastal based environment is the key resource for global tourism industry. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">The “Blue Economy” </span><span style="line-height: 18.4px;">conceptualizes</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> ocean as “Development Spaces”. Blue Economy offers an approach which suites the circumstances, constraints and challenges . Blue Economy based
business / economic modelling will incorporate ocean values and services in
decision making.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Blue Economy offers a number
of opportunities for sustainable and clean growth in traditional and energy
sectors. Few areas are as listed below:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">a. Port and Shipping
facilities<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">b. Fisheries <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">c. Tourism<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">d. Aquaculture<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">e. Energy<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">f. Biotechnology.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">g. Submarine mining.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The Blue Economy approach urges
the international community to judiciously manage the resources in and beneath
international waters, by the refinement of international law and ocean
governance mechanisms. A key component of international cooperation for the
Blue Economy approach is Research<b>.<o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><b><br /></b></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">(Source: Blue Economy
concept paper , The future we want. UNCSD 2012)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
Dr. Asha Pillaihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16970644522562051635noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2969194764795608912.post-62692684426545930442015-11-06T10:44:00.001+05:302015-11-06T10:44:19.592+05:30COASTAL SHIPPING – AN INTERNATIONAL PERSPECTIVE<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<br /></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2.0cm;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN;">Coastal shipping is an important logistic solution for cargo flows
internationally and forms a vital link in their overall transportation
infrastructure. The European Union for instance actively promotes Short Sea
shipping (SSS) as an alternative to road transport in order to reduce road
congestion and to reduce the environmental footprint of freight transport.
Globally, countries are adopting transport modal shift programmes by providing
incentives as a financial reward for switching the transport mode from road to
waterways. A comparison of the share of coastal shipping
/ water transport in movement of domestic cargo of other important maritime
nations of the world is given in Fig. 1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2.0cm;">
<br /></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh5RHaN_9RpuLG1xyO46mYUpVDMdLPzPKyCF8u1rf13I-QlCqIWzqJ_LsVxwO0AthOS-ixgsbpgn_M-aEt6lk_wk8ZJWZrxjp_qDh8cAcZLRkE9G6ZzaKxB3ugbGzXd_DY-ZGuC5uzKe0L8/s1600/SSS+intl.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="216" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh5RHaN_9RpuLG1xyO46mYUpVDMdLPzPKyCF8u1rf13I-QlCqIWzqJ_LsVxwO0AthOS-ixgsbpgn_M-aEt6lk_wk8ZJWZrxjp_qDh8cAcZLRkE9G6ZzaKxB3ugbGzXd_DY-ZGuC5uzKe0L8/s400/SSS+intl.png" width="400" /></a></div>
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<div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN;">Fig:1.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt;">Global
Comparison of Costal Shipping Share in Movement of Domestic Cargo <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1. Europe<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2.0cm;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN;">Europe is termed as the role model of the world for developing short sea
transport to its advantage. Today the EU
transports about 43% of its domestic goods by way of Short Sea shipping
(Coastal Shipping) .The reason behind the European success is their vision in
making short sea transport as a part of an integrated transport network. Short Sea
Shipping (SSS) has been effectively utilized to develop an efficient
multi-modal transport system for meeting existing and future transport
requirements, to achieve modal balance, to reduce pollution, congestions, and
accidents etc.EU faced many bottlenecks, similar to the ones India is facing
today, while promoting Short Sea Shipping such as:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2.0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1.0cm;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN;">• Lack of infrastructure in the specific
short sea terminals<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1.0cm;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN;">• Lack of service levels frequencies and
intermodal connections<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1.0cm;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN;">• Lack of logistics service providers
offering a door-to-door service<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1.0cm;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN;">• Traditional stance of cargo owners, who
perceive it easier to arrange door-to-door road transport than an intermodal
transport chain<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2.0cm;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN;">The EU has tackled these bottlenecks with a variety of policies and
programmes Further, the continuous evolution of supportive policies and
programmes such as the Marco Polo scheme and Motorways of the Seas has ensured
that bottlenecks are addressed and remedial measures are provided to make the
system viable and economic.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2.0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 2.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -2.0cm;">
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN;">i.<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN;">The Marco
Polo Program:</span></b><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 2cm;">The largest and the most comprehensive modal shift programme in the
world is the European Union’s Marco Polo Programme (MPP) . In the 2001 white
paper, the EU launched the Marco Polo programme as a follow up of the Pilot
Action for Combined Transport programme. Though in principle MPP aimed at
promoting modal shift from road to other transport modalities, the program
specifically made efforts to utilize the advantages of short sea shipping. The
Marco Polo Program financially supported new intermodal services and made sure
that such intermodal services indeed contributed to the objective of shifting cargo
movement from the roads to other modes of transport such as Short Sea Shipping
(SSS).</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 21.3pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -21.3pt;">
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN;">ii.<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN;">Motorways
of the Sea (MoS) :</span></b><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 2cm;">Motorways of the Sea (MoS) were particularly aimed at the maritime
infrastructure needed for the promotion of Short Sea Shipping as an alternative
to freight transport on road motorways.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 2cm;">The European Union allotted a budgeted
amount of EUR 450 million on its “<i>Motorways of the Sea”</i> initiative to
divert road traffic to coastal shipping. </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 2cm;">The aim
was to develop MoS as a real alternative to land transport, thus improving
access to markets in Europe and relieving the overstretched European road
system. MoS do not exclude rail and inland waterways, but it is primarily aimed
at Short Sea Shipping.</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 2cm;">The programme has two components namely, (a) Modal
Shift action and (b) Catalyst action as highlighted below.</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 21.3pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.3pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN;">a)<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN;">Modal s</span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN;">h<b>ift
actions</b>: provide Start-up aid for new services in the non-road freight
market under which, 30% of the costs of setting-up a new service may be
co-funded. After a maximum of three years of funding, these actions should be
viable on their own. Their goal is to maximise traffic shift in order to reach
the modal shift objectives of the programme. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 21.3pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.3pt;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN;">b) <b>Catalyst actions:</b> provide aid which is
also limited in time, and should lead to viable non- road freight services.
However, these actions are more ambitious than modal shift actions i.e. they
should tackle existing structural market barriers, which hinder the further
development of non-road freight services. One example would be the setting up
of “motorways of the sea” or high-quality international rail freight services,
managed through a one stop shop. These actions should change the way non-road
freight transport is conducted in Europe. The maximum aid level is 35%.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 2.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -2.0cm;">
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN;">iii.<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN;">Short Sea
Network : </span></b><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 2cm;">Understanding the importance of Short Sea Shipping in the late 1990s,
several EU countries established short sea promotion offices to create
awareness among stake holders. These offices were set up closer to the market
and thus better positioned to actively promote short sea shipping. Their tasks are to inform cargo owners and
transport providers about the possibilities that Short Sea Shipping has to
offer, to provide information on national and EU support programmes, to keep an
updated inventory of intermodal services and to take away biases against Short Sea
Shipping in the transport market. In 2000, the European Short Sea Network (ESN)
was established.</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2.0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">2 China – Transport
Blue Print<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2.0cm;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN;">China has the largest inland waterway system, with more than 5600
navigable rivers, 2000 inland ports and I,10,000kms of navigable waters. China’s Ministry of Communications announced
its traditional end-of-year official blueprint for the future development of
Highways, Coastal Ports and Inland Waterways in all major regions through to
2020. Five new inland river ports, Yibin, Chongquing, Nanning, Guigang and
Wuzhou are to be built along with 23 channels connecting the Yangtze and
Beijing to the Hangzhou Grand Canal. This will be 4,200 km in total and would
include the setting up of new ‘State-Class’ comprehensive transport hubs in
Shanghai, Nanjing, Hangzhou, Ningbo, Wenzhou, Xuzhou and Lianyungang.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 1.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN;"> Since
1990, the growth of container traffic has dominated overall traffic growth on
the inland waterway system. The volume of containers carried to or from Major
River ports grew by 38.6 % per annum. By 2020, Coastal Ports are expected to
reach 750million tons and the container throughput of coastal ports is expected
to reach 27 million TEU. A major effort is going on to increase the number of
shipping channels above the third grade. Mileage is expected to reach 28,360 km
by 2020.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2.0cm;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN;">In China, the number of coastal vessels available at present is estimated
to be between 11,000 and 12,000 . And it is also estimated that one billion
metric tonne of coal, steel, grains and fertilizers move via coastal shipping
currently. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 1.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">3 USA – The
Marine Highway Initiative<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2.0cm;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN;">The US, which currently utilized only limited coastal shipping, is also
gearing up to expand short sea shipping in domestic waters to accommodate the anticipated
increase in domestic freight movements, especially containerised goods. In the
United States, in spite of the <i>Jones Act</i>
(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">which
requires that all goods shipped among US sea ports be carried by US built,
flagged, operated and crewed vessels</span><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN;">) about 14% of the domestic freight
traffic is moved by waterways. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2.0cm;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN;">The US inland navigation system is nearly 12,000 miles of commercially
navigable inland and coastal waterways. More than 630 Million Tonnes of cargo
moves annually on the inland waterway system. The US Maritime Administration
(MARAD) placed considerable emphasis on increased utilisation of marine
transportation system through Short Sea Shipping (using inland/coastal
waterways) to manage projected trade growth and to, relieve growing surface congestion,
improve mobility, create jobs in ports, terminals & merchant marine, enhance
national security and mitigate pollution. Inland navigation operates much like
the highway system. Main stream waterways, the Mississippi, Ohio, Illinois, and
Tennessee rivers and the Gulf Intra-coastal Waterway, are like interstate
highways, and these routes carry most of the traffic.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">The recent ‘Marine
Highways’ initiative of the U.S Government to get a sizeable portion of its
container transport from road ways to coastal shipping and river systems
deserves special mention. An amount of US$ 30 million under the “<i>Transportation Investment Generating
Economic Recovery (TIGER)”</i> has been sanctioned by the US Government as
federal grant. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
Dr. Asha Pillaihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16970644522562051635noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2969194764795608912.post-47191046998370969682015-11-03T16:24:00.003+05:302015-11-03T16:25:36.512+05:30INTERMODAL TRANSPORT - CONNECTING THE MODES OF TRANSPORT<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 2.0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2.0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Intermodal
transport is the chain that interconnects different links or modes of transport
– sea, air and land- into one complete process that ensures an efficient and
cost effective door-to-door movement of goods/containers under the
responsibility of a single transport operator, known as a Multimodal Transport Operator
(MTO), on one transport document. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2cm;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2.0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Due to
containerization, maritime transport could be easily integrated with land
transport modes to formulate an efficient and cost effective intermodal
transport system. </span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;"> Action must be taken to ensure fuller integration
of the various modes as links in an efficiently managed transport chain which
will join up all the individual services. This is essential for meeting the
growing freight flows of the country.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiRjzMXEtMB64TveoMqH8teay_ZYaqTa6zZo0b9q2BtH9GUxEG1ZpFj7mMCBHt62mcBBDbjUDpDq6MQgE7lUOgn_8aJkLD8wRlMsA9B4HxYS5i7lSTMuXmFOqC5UHKoew772CXCz_k5M0kM/s1600/fig1.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="312" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiRjzMXEtMB64TveoMqH8teay_ZYaqTa6zZo0b9q2BtH9GUxEG1ZpFj7mMCBHt62mcBBDbjUDpDq6MQgE7lUOgn_8aJkLD8wRlMsA9B4HxYS5i7lSTMuXmFOqC5UHKoew772CXCz_k5M0kM/s400/fig1.png" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">Source : ; </span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="https://www.google.co.in/search59"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">https://www.google.co.in/search</span></a></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">Fig: 1<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">Multimodal Transport –
Connecting all modes.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 2.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN;">Intermodal logistics is
designed to cut transit times, decongest landmodes and is beneficial to the
shippers in terms of increasing flexibility and reducing cost of logistics.
More specifically, the benefits are: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 21.3pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.3pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">a.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN;">Single
point of contact</span></b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN;">: Shipper has to
deal with only the multimodal operator (MTO) like a coastal shipping line or forwarder,
who </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">acts as an agent for the shipper. Their
relationship is governed by a single multimodal transport contract. The MTO, in
turn, enters into separate contracts with transporters, cargo consolidators,
ports, airports etc., coordinates customs procedures and thus manages
end-to-end freight movement.</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN;"> </span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><br clear="all" style="mso-special-character: line-break; page-break-before: always;" />
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-no-proof: yes;"><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_1" o:spid="_x0000_i1025" style="height: 311.25pt; mso-wrap-style: square; visibility: visible; width: 329.25pt;" type="#_x0000_t75">
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN;">Source: Deloitte Report, Intermodal and Multimodal Logistics,2012</span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN;">Fig: 2</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN;">Multimodal Transport Operator – Single point of
contact<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 21.3pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.3pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">b.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN;">Reduces
burden of documentation and formalities</span></b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN;">:
A single contract can be negotiated with the MTO instead of having separate
dealings with all the transport operators like road and rail.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 21.3pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.3pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">c.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN;">Saves time
and cuts pilferage at the points of transhipment</span></b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN;">: The MTO provides marine containers and maintains necessary
communication links and co-ordinates with each party throughout the door-to-door
logistics chain. This will reduce the risks of loss of time, pilferage and
damage to cargo at transhipment points. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 21.3pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.3pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">d.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN;">Reduces
cost</span></b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN;">: The MTO can manage to get attractive freight rates
from the transport operators due to regular volume support. This brings down
the overall logistics cost for the shipper and in the long term, increases
demand. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 21.3pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.3pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">e.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN;">Makes the
best of each mode</span></b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN;">: It is possible
to combine the specific advantages of each mode in the trip such as flexibility
of road haulage, larger capacity of railways and the lower costs of water
transport in the best possible fashion. Eg Piggy back , Fishy Back and Tranship
systems.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 21.3pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.3pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">f.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN;">Frees up
working capital</span></b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN;">: In the present
supply chain management system, the transport vehicles are treated as moving
warehouses. An indirect benefit to the shippers is that shorter transit time
allows companies to keep less inventory on hand which in turn frees up working
capital. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 21.3pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.3pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">g.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN;">Better distribution
of wealth</span></b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN;">: Multimodal transport
brings down the virtual distance between the origin and destination of cargo.
This helps in shifting industrial growth from the traditionally developed
coastal regions to the landlocked interiors of the country. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN;">The multi-modal
transportation in India is governed by the Multimodal Transportation of Goods
Act 1993.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><br clear="all" style="mso-special-character: line-break; page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 2cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -2cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal;"> </span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">Multimodal
Transportation of Goods ACT,1993</span></b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2.0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">The Indian
government recognized the benefits of multimodal transport way back in the
early 1990s and came up with the Multimodal Transportation of Goods Act in 1993
with the objective of encouraging growth of exports from India. Through the Act
the government aimed at developing international multimodal transport which
would reduce logistics costs and thus make Indian products more competitive in
the global market. The Act established licensing requirements, contractual
terms (through the Multimodal Transport Document) and liability regime. The Act
was again amended in the year 2000 to give more protection to shippers. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2.0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">According to
trade, the Act </span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN;">needs to be
strengthened to address issues such as liability regime, setting of service
standards and registration of service providers, to provide transparency in
operations.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Trade estimates that these amendments
should bring down transit time for transport of goods by 40-50%.</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN;">In view of the overall efficiencies associated with
this system, Government should develop policy interventions encouraging
companies to use this.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
Dr. Asha Pillaihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16970644522562051635noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2969194764795608912.post-65359402532742608442015-09-29T10:20:00.001+05:302015-09-30T10:00:02.310+05:30 INTERNATIONAL STUDY TOUR REPORT – MALAYSIA, PHILIPPINES & SINGAPORE<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
As part of my research
work, I have visited Malaysia, the Philippines and Singapore to understand how
these countries have developed their respective Short Sea Shipping (SSS) sector
into a strong industry and what lessons India can learn from them.</div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">1 RATIONALE FOR THE STUDY TOUR<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">The reason for selecting
these ASEAN maritime nations was that, among and within these countries, the
maritime transport plays a vital role in regional socio-economic development by
enhancing the transport of goods. In fact the developments in the maritime
sector of Malaysia and Singapore are
well ahead of India and the continuous measures taken by them are worth
studying. And Philippines’ Roll on - Roll off (Ro-Ro)/Ro-Ro Passenger(Ropax)
/CHARO network is something India could successfully implement without much
infrastructure investment. Also, there is much to learn from the fast ferry
services connecting Singapore and Indonesian islands.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">2 STUDY TOUR WORKING SCHEDULE<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; margin-left: 72.05pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid black; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid black; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184; width: 96%px;">
<thead>
<tr>
<td style="background: #BFBFBF; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 21.6%;" valign="top" width="21%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Date/
Time<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #BFBFBF; border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 24.08%;" valign="top" width="24%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Activities<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #BFBFBF; border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 29.6%;" valign="top" width="29%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Participants<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #BFBFBF; border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 24.72%;" valign="top" width="24%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Venue<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="4" style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 100.0%;" valign="top" width="100%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">MALAYSIA
VISIT - 27<sup>TH</sup> JUL TO 29<sup>TH</sup> JUL<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 68.75pt; mso-yfti-irow: 2;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid black 1.0pt; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 68.75pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 21.6%;" valign="top" width="21%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">27
Jul , Mon<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">09:00 – 10:00 AM<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 68.75pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 24.08%;" valign="top" width="24%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Meeting with Trans Asia Line, Malaysia<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 68.75pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 29.6%;" valign="top" width="29%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">MrAnand Kumar , Branch Manager<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Mr Suresh , Operations & Services
Manager<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Trans
Asia Line (M) SDN. BHD, Klang , Malaysia<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 68.75pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 24.72%;" valign="top" width="24%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Venue : Trans Asia Line , Malaysia<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 94.8pt; mso-yfti-irow: 3;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid black 1.0pt; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 94.8pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: windowtext; mso-border-left-alt: black; mso-border-right-alt: black; mso-border-style-alt: solid; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: windowtext; mso-border-width-alt: .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 21.6%;" valign="top" width="21%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">11:00
- 01:00 PM<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 94.8pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: windowtext; mso-border-left-alt: black; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: black; mso-border-style-alt: solid; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: windowtext; mso-border-width-alt: .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 24.08%;" valign="top" width="24%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Meeting with West Ports, Malaysia
SdnBhd and Port Tour<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 94.8pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: windowtext; mso-border-left-alt: black; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: black; mso-border-style-alt: solid; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: windowtext; mso-border-width-alt: .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 29.6%;" valign="top" width="29%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">MrSuthahar , Marketing Manager<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">MrShashidaran K Krishnan, Marketing
Manager<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">MrMathanaseelan,
Marketing Manager<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">West Ports Malaysia SdnBhd, Pulau
Indah, Port Klang, Malaysia<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 94.8pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: windowtext; mso-border-left-alt: black; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: black; mso-border-style-alt: solid; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: windowtext; mso-border-width-alt: .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 24.72%;" valign="top" width="24%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Venue : West Ports Malaysia Office<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 2.8pt; mso-yfti-irow: 4;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 2.8pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 21.6%;" valign="top" width="21%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">02:00
– 03:00 PM<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 2.8pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 24.08%;" valign="top" width="24%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Meeting with Transworld, Malaysia<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 2.8pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: windowtext; mso-border-left-alt: black; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: black; mso-border-style-alt: solid; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: windowtext; mso-border-width-alt: .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 29.6%;" valign="top" width="29%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Mr Rajesh Pillai , General Manager,
Transworld GLS<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 2.8pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: windowtext; mso-border-left-alt: black; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: black; mso-border-style-alt: solid; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: windowtext; mso-border-width-alt: .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 24.72%;" valign="top" width="24%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Venue : West Ports Malaysia Office<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 22.25pt; mso-yfti-irow: 5;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid black 1.0pt; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 22.25pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 21.6%;" valign="top" width="21%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">28
Jul , Tue<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">10:00-12:00<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 22.25pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 24.08%;" valign="top" width="24%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Meeting with Penang Port Sdn. Bhd<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Visiting Customs Office , Penang<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 22.25pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 29.6%;" valign="top" width="29%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Mr Ismail Bin Mohamed Ghouse , Head
Operations<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">North Butterworth Container Terminal ,
Penang Port, Penang, Malaysia<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 22.25pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 24.72%;" valign="top" width="24%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Venue : NBCT Office , Penang<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 83.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 6;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid black 1.0pt; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 83.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: windowtext; mso-border-left-alt: black; mso-border-right-alt: black; mso-border-style-alt: solid; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: windowtext; mso-border-width-alt: .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 21.6%;" valign="top" width="21%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">02:00- 03:00 PM<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 83.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: windowtext; mso-border-left-alt: black; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: black; mso-border-style-alt: solid; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: windowtext; mso-border-width-alt: .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 24.08%;" valign="top" width="24%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Meeting with QEL Shipping Services
SdnBhd<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 83.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: windowtext; mso-border-left-alt: black; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: black; mso-border-style-alt: solid; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: windowtext; mso-border-width-alt: .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 29.6%;" valign="top" width="29%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Mr Michael Loh , Sales Manager<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">MrIdris Bin Othman , Operation Manager<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">QEL Shipping Services SdnBhd, MWE
Plaza, Penang<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 83.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: windowtext; mso-border-left-alt: black; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: black; mso-border-style-alt: solid; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: windowtext; mso-border-width-alt: .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 24.72%;" valign="top" width="24%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Venue : QEL Shipping Office<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 32.15pt; mso-yfti-irow: 7;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid black 1.0pt; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 32.15pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: windowtext; mso-border-left-alt: black; mso-border-right-alt: black; mso-border-style-alt: solid; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: windowtext; mso-border-width-alt: .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 21.6%;" valign="top" width="21%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">03:30 – 05:00 PM<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 32.15pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: windowtext; mso-border-left-alt: black; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: black; mso-border-style-alt: solid; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: windowtext; mso-border-width-alt: .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 24.08%;" valign="top" width="24%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Meeting with The Society of
Logisticians, The AK Academy and X-Press Feeders<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 32.15pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: windowtext; mso-border-left-alt: black; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: black; mso-border-style-alt: solid; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: windowtext; mso-border-width-alt: .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 29.6%;" valign="top" width="29%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Mej. Chang Kah Loon , President, The
Society of Logisticians and Regional Manager , X-Press Feeders, Malaysia<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Ms Amy Ooi , Manager, Academic Affairs
, The AK Academy, Penang , Malaysia<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 32.15pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: windowtext; mso-border-left-alt: black; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: black; mso-border-style-alt: solid; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: windowtext; mso-border-width-alt: .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 24.72%;" valign="top" width="24%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Venue : AK Academy Office<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 2.8pt; mso-yfti-irow: 8;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid black 1.0pt; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 2.8pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 21.6%;" valign="top" width="21%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">29<sup>th</sup>
Jul, Wed<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">11:00 – 01:00 PM<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 2.8pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 24.08%;" valign="top" width="24%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Meeting with MAC Asia Line SdnBhd,
Selangor, Malaysia<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 2.8pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 29.6%;" valign="top" width="29%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Capt Justus Kumar , General Manager<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">MrLiong Wu Lung , Sales & Marketing Manager<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 2.8pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 24.72%;" valign="top" width="24%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Venue : MAC Asia Line office<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 2.8pt; mso-yfti-irow: 9;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 2.8pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 21.6%;" valign="top" width="21%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">03:00- 04:00 PM<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 2.8pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 24.08%;" valign="top" width="24%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Meeting
with Transpole Logistics SdnBhd<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 2.8pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 29.6%;" valign="top" width="29%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">MAC Asia Line, Klang, Selangor,
Malaysia<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">MrPrakash Kumar Malakar ,Ast. General
Manager, Transpole Logistics, Klang,
Selangor , Malaysia<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 2.8pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 24.72%;" valign="top" width="24%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Venue
: Transpole Logistics office<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="4" style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 100.0%;" valign="top" width="100%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">PHILIPPINES
VISIT – 30<sup>TH</sup> JULY TO 01<sup>ST</sup> AUG 2015<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 51.9pt; mso-yfti-irow: 11;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 51.9pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 21.6%;" valign="top" width="21%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">30
July , Thu</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;"> 10:00 - 11:30<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 51.9pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 24.08%;" valign="top" width="24%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Meeting with AGILE Marine Resources
Inc. and/or Lubeca Protection & Indemnity Phils. Inc.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 51.9pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 29.6%;" valign="top" width="29%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Atty. Imelda L. Barcelona , President<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Lubeca Protection &
Indemnity Phils., Inc.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<pre style="background: white; text-align: center;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Suite 205 Marbella 1 Bldg.<o:p></o:p></span></pre>
<pre style="background: white; text-align: center;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">2223 Roxas Blvd., Pasay City 1300<o:p></o:p></span></pre>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 51.9pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 24.72%;" valign="top" width="24%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Venue: The Manila Hotel<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 21.6%;" valign="top" width="21%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">2:00 - 4:00 PM<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 24.08%;" valign="top" width="24%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Meeting with officials of Department
of Transportation and Communication<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Maritime Industry Authority and<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Philippine Port Authorities (PPA).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 29.6%;" valign="top" width="29%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Mr Nick Conti, Dep. Administrator,
MARINA<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Ms Esperanza C Santos, Port Operations
Specialist, PPA<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Ma. Lourdes T Pagtalunan<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Ms Belinda C Salvosa<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Mr Homer T De La Paz<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Sr. Communications Development
Officers,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Water Transport Planning Division<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">DOTC<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Mr. Samuel C. Custodio<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">(Former Director, Planning Service of
DOTC)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Independent Transport Planning
Consultant<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Mr. Ronald G. Sison<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Independent Planning Consultant<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 24.72%;" valign="top" width="24%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Venue: DOTC Conference Room<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="background: white; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">15th Floor, The
Columbia Tower<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="background: white; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Ortigas Avenue,
Barangay Wack-Wack<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="background: white; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Mandaluyong City
1555, Metro Manila<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 21.6%;" valign="top" width="21%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">4:00 - 6:00 PM<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 24.08%;" valign="top" width="24%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Meeting with Ms. Bondoc.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 29.6%;" valign="top" width="29%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Ms. Josephine Bondoc , (Former Chief,
Water Transport Planning Division of DOTC)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 24.72%;" valign="top" width="24%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Venue: Robinson's Galleria Mall<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Ortigas cor. EDSA, Pasig, Metro Manila<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 21.6%;" valign="top" width="21%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">31
Jul, Fri<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">9:00 - 12:00<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 24.08%;" valign="top" width="24%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Meeting with PPA Port Manager and
observation tour of port operations.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Meeting with officers of Manila North
Harbour Ports Inc.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 29.6%;" valign="top" width="29%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">A. Pillai, R. Sison<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Ms Clarissa S Ignacio, Port Manager<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Mr. Raul T. Santos ,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Asst General
Manager for Ops,<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Ms Esperanza C Santos, Port Operations
Specialist,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Philippine
Ports Authority (PPA) , </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">Bonifacio Drive, South Harbor ,Port
Area, Manila<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Mr Erik F Reyes , Project Coordination
Manager<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Mr Adnan G Alzaga, Pier Operations
Manager<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Ms Phoebe J Riva , Gates & Traffic
Department Manager<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Manila North Harbor Ports Inc , North
Harbor, Port Area, Manila<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 24.72%;" valign="top" width="24%"><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Venue: Manila North Harbor<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 49.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 15;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 49.5pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 21.6%;" valign="top" width="21%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">3:00 - 4:30 PM<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 49.5pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 24.08%;" valign="top" width="24%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Meeting with freight forwarder/
logistics provider<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 49.5pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 29.6%;" valign="top" width="29%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">A. Pillai, R. Sison<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Mr. Renato T. Pamintuan<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">CEO<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Asian Freeports, Inc.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="background: white; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Unit 506 Global Tower<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="background: white; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">2029 Hen. Mascardo
cor. Capt. M. Reyes St.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="background: white; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Bangkal, Makati City
1233<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 49.5pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 24.72%;" valign="top" width="24%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Venue: The Manila Hotel<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 21.6%;" valign="top" width="21%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">01
Aug, Sat<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">10:00 AM -12:00<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 24.08%;" valign="top" width="24%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Meeting with Dr. Hussein Lidasan et
al.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 29.6%;" valign="top" width="29%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">A. Pillai, R. Sison<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Dr. Hussein Lidasan<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="xmsonormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Professor/Director of Graduate Studies<br />
School of Urban and Regional Planning (SURP)<br />
The University of the Philippines<br />
Diliman, Quezon City<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="xmsonormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="xmsonormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Dr. Enrico L. Basilio<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="xmsonormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Chief of Party, USAID Advancing Philippine
Competitiveness (COMPETE) Project<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 24.72%;" valign="top" width="24%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Venue: University of Philippines,SURP<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Diliman, Quezon City<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="4" style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 100.0%;" valign="top" width="100%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">SINGAPORE
VISIT - 03<sup>RD</sup> AUG 2015<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 21.6%;" valign="top" width="21%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">03AUG
, Mon<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">11:00 – 01:00 PM<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 24.08%;" valign="top" width="24%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Visiting Harbour Bay Ferry
Terminal and Singapore – Indonesia Ferry operators<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 29.6%;" valign="top" width="29%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Majestic Fast Ferry , Maritime Square
, Harbourfront Centre, Singapore<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Horizon Fast Ferry Pte Ltd, Maritime
Square ,Harbourfront Centre, Singapore<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 24.72%;" valign="top" width="24%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Venue : Respective offices, Harbour
Bay Ferry Terminal<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;"><br clear="all" style="mso-special-character: line-break; page-break-before: always;" />
</span></b>
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">3 KEY FINDINGS<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">3.1 Malaysia<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">Malaysia’s land is
separated by the South China Sea into two similarly sized regions, Peninsular
Malaysia and East Malaysia (Malaysian Borneo). Peninsular Malaysia shares a
land and maritime border with Thailand and maritime borders with Singapore,
Vietnam, and Indonesia. East Malaysia shares land and maritime borders with
Brunei and Indonesia and a maritime border with the Philippines. Malaysia is
strategically located on the Strait of Malacca, one of the most important
shipping lanes in the world. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">3.1.1 Ports in Malaysia<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">Ports in Malaysia are
established either as a Federal or State ports under the jurisdiction of
respective Governments. There are also ports that are the jurisdiction of the
Marine Department, fishing ports and jetties under Fisheries Development
Authority and dedicated jetties for handling oil by Oil majors. Under the port
privatization Act, Federal ports are either corporatized or privatized. The
port authorities regulates the Private Operators . Malaysia has two ports that are listed in the
top 20 busiest ports in the world, Port Klang and Port of Tanjung Pelepas,
which are respectively the 2nd and 3rd busiest ports in Southeast Asia after
the Port of Singapore. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;"><br clear="all" style="mso-special-character: line-break; page-break-before: always;" />
</span></b>
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">Malyasia – Federal and State port locations</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<div style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKoR5Vo-VI2yNwypwSipyPgw7Ydw5f6sQEvrXWuV83sHk2y-YRyMc8FDYZPvuICUrlj1k_zMi4IkfB0WIgFzjzknx1ROUOxmt1BlNB6nhUfs0AxoaIQ7Z0Iak4xql86eUlQd1rwuujoEAp/s1600/fig1.1.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKoR5Vo-VI2yNwypwSipyPgw7Ydw5f6sQEvrXWuV83sHk2y-YRyMc8FDYZPvuICUrlj1k_zMi4IkfB0WIgFzjzknx1ROUOxmt1BlNB6nhUfs0AxoaIQ7Z0Iak4xql86eUlQd1rwuujoEAp/s200/fig1.1.png" width="171" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi7AC2iDQ6dvW9E6fNS765tpi1qh8BwX5MHhZI7ZiT37E_OMKvwGipScTolXKwedXVJXRi_2xt9RkYNGNHEv_gcjNupru8BIbJO4b_3XglBw6_JJXdohyi8upxQG_mtS1ItXcF1L7JppFF0/s1600/fig+1.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi7AC2iDQ6dvW9E6fNS765tpi1qh8BwX5MHhZI7ZiT37E_OMKvwGipScTolXKwedXVJXRi_2xt9RkYNGNHEv_gcjNupru8BIbJO4b_3XglBw6_JJXdohyi8upxQG_mtS1ItXcF1L7JppFF0/s200/fig+1.png" width="150" /></a></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">Source : Transport Statistics Malaysia 2013 , Ministry of Transport,
Malaysia</span></span></div>
</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">Fig : 1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;"> </span><span style="line-height: 150%;">The port tariff rates are
regulated by the port authority. It is to be noted that, the tariff</span><span style="line-height: 150%;"> </span><span style="line-height: 150%;">is same for both domestic and international
operators. Also, understand from the port operators that the vessels are normally
berthed based on fixed windows and hence both domestic and international
shipping gets same treatment.</span><span style="line-height: 150%;"> </span></span></div>
</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">3.1.2 Cabotage Policy<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">As per Article 65KA of the
Merchant Shipping Ordinance 1952 of Malaysia , the cabotage policy permits only
domestic vessels of Malaysian flag that holds valid license for domestic
shipping to ply on domestic trade.
However, the Malaysian Government relaxed the cabotage policy with
effect from 3rd Jun 2009 , which permits foreign flag vessels to transport containerized transshippment cargo among the Malaysian ports . This
helped both Port Klang and Port of Tanjung Pelepas to become the transshippment
centre of Malaysia and the region.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">Total cargo throughput of Malaysian Ports by
Export, Import and Transhipment ,2004 -13.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEinh2OfchU3ojmVmK7P8hSwKW0TnO89sjY1MksXfoNwURrHHqw2i-n7NVTEWTks6zLmLc62EzglkZ9b1RtzmcMma_AZVfeNDdAIkkadnvcbNvdjUznNft4LAsfkbf3gSK1kHq3j6wgYGq4F/s1600/fig2.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><img border="0" height="228" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEinh2OfchU3ojmVmK7P8hSwKW0TnO89sjY1MksXfoNwURrHHqw2i-n7NVTEWTks6zLmLc62EzglkZ9b1RtzmcMma_AZVfeNDdAIkkadnvcbNvdjUznNft4LAsfkbf3gSK1kHq3j6wgYGq4F/s400/fig2.png" width="400" /></span></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Source : Transport Statistics Malaysia 2013 , Ministry of Transport,
Malaysia</span></div>
</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">Fig : 2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">In addition, foreign flag
vessels can obtain temporary permits form the Ministry for any specific route
and cargo, if there is no availability of domestic vessels <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">3.1.3
Domestic Shipping<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">The shipping industry in
Malaysia is being managed by the Marine Department and the Ministry of
Transport (Maritime Division) is responsible for legislation with regard to the
shipping industry. The Malaysian Government
has designed programs and incentives that encourage the growth of shipping
industry in the country. As such, there are policies in place that persuade
nationals to invest in the industry. The objective of such policies is to have
self-sufficient supplies of Malaysian-flagged vessels—promoting internal supply
of national vessels. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">Table : 1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">Total number of licence issued by Malaysian
Domestic Shipping Licencing Board (DSLB), 2009-13.</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-no-proof: yes;"><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_18" o:spid="_x0000_i1037" style="height: 197.25pt; mso-wrap-style: square; visibility: visible; width: 375pt;" type="#_x0000_t75">
<v:imagedata o:title="" src="file:///C:\Users\ASHAPL~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image004.png">
</v:imagedata></v:shape></span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiaHR2jfjq7slRVRVILIg_mfAE1sWu_FEbuuiohL4KQt0BdQv_kTHklPkhcUQukCOz3O5Bw7hC_TXi-i0l9VDm0TBlljwWxVWcXkp_qMYrNejTN_Ux6q9navSG2S5LCQ1RpxvtjoCCVmcKU/s1600/t1.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><img border="0" height="323" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiaHR2jfjq7slRVRVILIg_mfAE1sWu_FEbuuiohL4KQt0BdQv_kTHklPkhcUQukCOz3O5Bw7hC_TXi-i0l9VDm0TBlljwWxVWcXkp_qMYrNejTN_Ux6q9navSG2S5LCQ1RpxvtjoCCVmcKU/s640/t1.png" width="640" /></span></a></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Source : Transport Statistics Malaysia 2013 , Ministry of Transport,
Malaysia</span></div>
</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">Shipping companies are eligible
for tax exemptions if their income is derived from the operation of Malaysian
ships. This incentive is applicable to a Malaysian national only. Incomes of crews are also eligible for tax
exemptions if their operations are derived from exercising duties on board the
mentioned Malaysian ship. Income received by non-resident from the rental of
ISO containers to Malaysian shipping companies is also exempted from income
tax. The Malaysian government also provides incentives for prime movers and trailers
for port operation. Container hauliers qualify for sales tax exemptions on new
prime movers and trailers that are locally produced. Additionally, Ships above
26 GRT are exempted from import duty and surtax.( Source <sup>19 </sup>: Draft Report : “Seamless Integrated Domestic
and International Shipping in Archipelagic ASEAN” by Dr Basilio et al)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">Domestic traffic of all
kinds of goods is heavy between Peninsular and East Malaysia. Understand from
stake holders that the customers are encouraged to containerize all possible
commodities so as it can be moved by container , Ro-Ro / RoPax vessels. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;"><br clear="all" style="mso-special-character: line-break; page-break-before: always;" />
</span></b>
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">Domestic Vs Foreign cargo handled in Malaysian
Ports, 2013</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhFLkPaHuoIRQuqE4A0mVSCwY4Pe0q7k68fo2deGox_94wxXUzbY05trBRxP_m7lViaJOhZWmujW8rwDFDLE6cW1z4TnTkotdhp10gyodkG1G378Rwo4Y0Nc-j2qDXHh0KqdKR53FReUvnt/s1600/f3.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><img border="0" height="223" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhFLkPaHuoIRQuqE4A0mVSCwY4Pe0q7k68fo2deGox_94wxXUzbY05trBRxP_m7lViaJOhZWmujW8rwDFDLE6cW1z4TnTkotdhp10gyodkG1G378Rwo4Y0Nc-j2qDXHh0KqdKR53FReUvnt/s400/f3.png" width="400" /></span></a></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;"><br /></span></b></div>
</div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-no-proof: yes;"><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_17" o:spid="_x0000_i1036" style="height: 212.25pt; mso-wrap-style: square; visibility: visible; width: 397.5pt;" type="#_x0000_t75">
<v:imagedata o:title="" src="file:///C:\Users\ASHAPL~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image005.png">
</v:imagedata></v:shape></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">Source : Transport Statistics Malaysia 2013 , Ministry of Transport,
Malaysia<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">Fig : 3<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;"> </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span></span></div>
</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">Domestic vessel and cargo
are subject to Malaysian Customs regulations, however, the procedures and
documents are computerized and hence there is no need for the customers to
visit Customs office for processing documents. Also, to avoid delays and to
increase the awareness of customers , detailed process charts of each and every
activity is exhibited in the customs
office . A sample is attached here under.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">Customs office counter , Penang Port, Malaysia<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgWVLt4uSVL2GElT30IDdq7xMKGLH1dpHfEF_PLLBH2-43OmOgXd8JZ_i4i0XofgdOKv0pxFwO9vj08Wfhc5_4Upe861KGUmgsmdDR-46YuKoo-hqmyR6r5Y5y5EkL5NSONgbapcqtmnMfS/s1600/f4.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><img border="0" height="332" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgWVLt4uSVL2GElT30IDdq7xMKGLH1dpHfEF_PLLBH2-43OmOgXd8JZ_i4i0XofgdOKv0pxFwO9vj08Wfhc5_4Upe861KGUmgsmdDR-46YuKoo-hqmyR6r5Y5y5EkL5NSONgbapcqtmnMfS/s400/f4.png" width="400" /></span></a></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">Fig : 4</span></div>
</div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">From various meeting with
the trade and authorities in Malaysia ,
it is understood that all stake holders of the trade work complimentary to each other for the
development of shipping , both domestic and international sectors. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">3.2 Philippines<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">The Philippines is an
archipelago consisting of about 7,100 islands and islets. It is divided into 3
major island groups, (1) Luzon , where
Manila, the capital of the Philippines is
situated (2) Visayas and (3) Mindanao. Because of Philippines’ geographical location, the interisland shipping , which is the main
transport system in the country, plays a vital role both in international and
domestic transport. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">The development of the
Philippines Nautical Highway system, which integrates the land and water transport
system using roll-on/roll-off vessels, started in 2003. Today the Strong
Republic Nautical Highway (SRNH) consists of three main trunk routes – the
western , central and eastern nautical highways. The Department of
Transportation and Communication (DOTC)is in charge of policy, planning,
programming, coordinating, implementing and regulating the network transport
system.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">Nautical Highways of the Philippines<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhoVFCFu1fSLym6bTAlTXvyD8pzqzfLAFDLOjClqnAaM_ItbO_2IosPO4YfJs_1HVWh45chNAgrnQd5DpWN13I6GkYdrRevfYPevIagMoIkKQLSPAK-iKK26W_79opmMA2B5kk_HtbWQYdh/s1600/f5.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><img border="0" height="261" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhoVFCFu1fSLym6bTAlTXvyD8pzqzfLAFDLOjClqnAaM_ItbO_2IosPO4YfJs_1HVWh45chNAgrnQd5DpWN13I6GkYdrRevfYPevIagMoIkKQLSPAK-iKK26W_79opmMA2B5kk_HtbWQYdh/s400/f5.png" width="400" /></span></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-no-proof: yes;"><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_1" o:spid="_x0000_i1034" style="height: 290.25pt; mso-wrap-style: square; visibility: visible; width: 426pt;" type="#_x0000_t75">
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</v:imagedata></v:shape></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">Source
: The Master Plan and Feasibility Study on the Establishment of an ASEAN RO-RO
Shipping Network and Short Sea Shipping, JICA<sup>27<o:p></o:p></sup></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">Fig: 5.5<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">3.2.1 Ports in the Philippines<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;"> As per the handbook published by the
Department of Transport and Communications of the Philippines, there are 2451
ports in the country , of which 1607 are public ports , built and managed by
the public sector , 423 private ports built and managed by the private sector
and 421 fishing ports. These Philippines Port Authority (PPA) regulates all
public and private ports. Many of the fishing ports are managed by the
Philippine Fisheries Development Authority (PFDA) which is under the department
of Agriculture. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">In the Philippines, the
domestic and international traffic is handled in separate ports. As per
Philippine Port Authority’s statistics there are 211 domestic and 38
international ports are operational on a commercial basis. Because of this
practice, both domestic and international vessels get equal priority in the
respective ports. Also, there is a “ one
stop shop” facility for the customers ,
where they can avail PPA, terminal operator , Customs and shipping line’s
services under one roof.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">One Point Process Centre ,North HarborPort ,
Manila, Philippines<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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</v:imagedata></v:shape></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">Source : Picture taken on 31<sup>st</sup> Jul 2015 while visiting the
port<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">Fig :6<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">The port tariff is fixed by
PPA and the amendments, if any, will be made by PPA after consulting with
concerned stake holders. The domestic port tariff is less compared to the
international port tariff. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">3.2.2 Cabotage Policy<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;"> Under the provisions of the Philippines’
Constitution and existing shipping-related laws, the shipment of domestic
cargoes from one domestic port to another should be carried only by domestic
shipping lines. Foreign ships are allowed to call in designated Philippine
international ports or other ports to load and unload foreign cargoes but not
domestic cargoes and passengers.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">However , the Philippines
Government vide Republic Act No.10668 dated 21st Jul 2015 ( Annexure-16),
relaxed the cabotage policy to permit foreign vessel to dock and c-load ( cargo
discharged by one foreign ship can be loaded on to another operator’s ship for
transporting to other domestic ports) in multiple ports . This policy expects
to reduce logistics costs considerably .<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">3.2.3 Domestic Shipping Industry<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">Domestic (Inter-island)
shipping in an archipelagic economy like the Philippines is a critical element
of development. As per the statistics provided by PPA ( Annexure- 17) the domestic shipping facilitate about 98% of
domestic inter-island trade. Roughly 80 million tons of cargo and more than 50
million Filipinos as well as foreign tourists are getting transported annually
by the inter-island shipping. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">In the Philippines, as per
records there are 2932 cargo fleet and
5956 passenger fleet registered under
domestic trade in 2014 ( Ref. Annexure -
). In addition to this, 15 domestic container vessels and 40 domestic
RO-RO-passenger (ROPAX) vessels are registered under the domestic trade.
Average age of the vessel is about 20 years.
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">The Maritime Industry
Authority (MARINA) undertakes maritime safety regulatory functions such as ship
registration, inspection, licencing and crew qualification and competence for
all Philippine registered ships. Also, customs clearance is not required for
both domestic vessels and cargo. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">The most recent domestic
shipping policy of the Philippines is defined under Republic Act (RA) 9295. The
law provides incentives to domestic ship operators such as exemption from
value-added tax on importation and local purchase of passenger and/or cargo
vessels and from equipment relating to safety and security of the passengers
and crew.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">3.2.4 Developments in Domestic Ro-Ro Shipping <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">In 2003, the Government of
the Philippines issued a policy to promote Ro-Ro, a system designed to carry
rolling stock cargo which does not require cranes for loading or offloading.
This policy , which provided an alternate mode of transport to the market, heightened
the level of competition within the domestic shipping industry. The reduction
in cost coupled with efficiency in Ro-Ro shipping made the shippers transport
their goods across the domestic market. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">Comparison between Container Vs RO-RO Operation</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-no-proof: yes;"><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_2" o:spid="_x0000_i1032" style="height: 332.25pt; mso-wrap-style: square; visibility: visible; width: 383.25pt;" type="#_x0000_t75">
<v:imagedata o:title="" src="file:///C:\Users\ASHAPL~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image009.png">
</v:imagedata></v:shape></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjjTozhNjYTZpJr3CZhwzagolm7-zwhSpDHS129Ayfr1IJmqIzHuYH8b0bkGDw6sdg0uzT7eQ5P6tBer63eLwvmOJKVEv3u7ZwkgwkjBnD_MU8EGr7LodXQ-CgJieXpKJ1U88UbxDR70SlI/s1600/f7.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjjTozhNjYTZpJr3CZhwzagolm7-zwhSpDHS129Ayfr1IJmqIzHuYH8b0bkGDw6sdg0uzT7eQ5P6tBer63eLwvmOJKVEv3u7ZwkgwkjBnD_MU8EGr7LodXQ-CgJieXpKJ1U88UbxDR70SlI/s400/f7.png" width="363" /></span></a></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;"><br /></span></b></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;"> Source : Linking the Philippine
Islands through highways of the sea<span style="background: yellow; mso-highlight: yellow;">,</span></span></div>
</div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">Fig :7<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">The truck and bus operators
changed their mode of operations to suit to the Ro-Ro connectivity, which
helped them to expand their services to wider market area. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;"><br clear="all" style="mso-special-character: line-break; page-break-before: always;" />
</span></b>
</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">Ro-Ro and CHARo vessels under operation<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiP1VpGxBUUydiEuFuewc4bkHpDCXEMtd0wh4l3TFUXbFmbJTwcyzbkE9YMAsONOPbP1hya5oZrQAk32xnp-xEf7UJISl90JJJHs_6jTRPWo1ckLGXzTxLVAeIH0WfDnmSMJ0Je2U5DgZlI/s1600/f8.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiP1VpGxBUUydiEuFuewc4bkHpDCXEMtd0wh4l3TFUXbFmbJTwcyzbkE9YMAsONOPbP1hya5oZrQAk32xnp-xEf7UJISl90JJJHs_6jTRPWo1ckLGXzTxLVAeIH0WfDnmSMJ0Je2U5DgZlI/s320/f8.png" width="296" /></span></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEicrMd3SeFO7y85RjZmDYBgbyOss1QPNmHDgyrDUwhDLVo5ZgTfD2vFFuQT2bI3rYK2zeMJj5-Elsghyphenhyphenr6O3HfOvj-ZCEgxvEhlsi06XagHY8dLPegwUz5NhgWFDRmFE-ED64eQJXcmPCsc/s1600/f81.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEicrMd3SeFO7y85RjZmDYBgbyOss1QPNmHDgyrDUwhDLVo5ZgTfD2vFFuQT2bI3rYK2zeMJj5-Elsghyphenhyphenr6O3HfOvj-ZCEgxvEhlsi06XagHY8dLPegwUz5NhgWFDRmFE-ED64eQJXcmPCsc/s320/f81.png" width="320" /></span></a></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQgsWsfFLBr_xcNLLbDMuDzyrPkxUoadlnRvNWn8kE7OyDOH5oA61UtFj0ilpXgB8VEsC2jwmL_XWYXDkV8FoSXK87kRiG7zaNFQmiq8q_B-EpggXqrWZPLJIYOiDOkzKQAGQStcJiJhNO/s1600/f82.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQgsWsfFLBr_xcNLLbDMuDzyrPkxUoadlnRvNWn8kE7OyDOH5oA61UtFj0ilpXgB8VEsC2jwmL_XWYXDkV8FoSXK87kRiG7zaNFQmiq8q_B-EpggXqrWZPLJIYOiDOkzKQAGQStcJiJhNO/s1600/f82.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="212" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQgsWsfFLBr_xcNLLbDMuDzyrPkxUoadlnRvNWn8kE7OyDOH5oA61UtFj0ilpXgB8VEsC2jwmL_XWYXDkV8FoSXK87kRiG7zaNFQmiq8q_B-EpggXqrWZPLJIYOiDOkzKQAGQStcJiJhNO/s320/f82.png" width="320" /></a></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;"><br /></span></b></div>
</div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-no-proof: yes;"><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_4" o:spid="_x0000_i1031" style="height: 157.5pt; mso-wrap-style: square; visibility: visible; width: 123.75pt;" type="#_x0000_t75">
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</v:imagedata></v:shape></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">Source
: The Master Plan and Feasibility Study on the Establishment of an ASEAN RO-RO
Shipping Network and Short Sea Shipping, JICA<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">Fig : 8<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">3.3 Singapore<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">One of the busiest shipping
industries in the world is located in Singapore. This is primarily because the
Government of Singapore has put in place policies which are made to be
investment friendly. The shipping industry
is being overseen by the Maritime and Port Authority (MPA) of Singapore under
the Ministry of Transport (MOT). <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">There are two general
policies that govern port authorization and merchant shipping in the country.
These are the Maritime and Port Authority of Singapore Act and the Merchant Shipping
Act, respectively. The former is responsible for the establishing and
incorporating the Maritime and Port Authority of Singapore providing for its
functions, powers and other related matters. The latter, on the other hand, is
responsible for anything related to merchant shipping such as ship
registration.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">The Government of Singapore
created financial institution called the Marine Financial Incentive (MFI) to
help investors and ship owners to avail “packaged” deals. An example of the
benefits of this program is cheaper sources of capital and high yield
investments. There are also different banking infrastructures that have
competitive loan rates to complement the advocacy of the government to be a
world-class shipping hub. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">Singapore has no cabotage
principle because it only has a single port.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">3.3.1 Singapore cruise / ferry terminal<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">The Singapore Cruise Centre
is a cruise terminal located in the south of Singapore and it comprises of two
terminals, namely the International Passenger Terminal (IPT), and the Regional
Ferry Terminal (RFT). The IPT handles
international cruise ships the RFT handles ferry services to the neighbour
Indonesia Island, such as Batam and Karimum. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;"><br clear="all" style="mso-special-character: line-break; page-break-before: always;" />
</span></b>
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">Fast Ferry , to and from Indonesia from Singapore,
at the RFT<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-no-proof: yes;"><v:shape alt="Description: http://patcoston.com/images/places/asia/indonesia/newyears2007/gallery3/05~Our%20ferry%20to%20and%20from%20Indonesia%20from%20Singapore.jpg" id="Picture_x0020_21" o:spid="_x0000_i1028" style="height: 177pt; mso-wrap-style: square; visibility: visible; width: 165pt;" type="#_x0000_t75">
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_22" o:spid="_x0000_i1027" style="height: 177.75pt; mso-wrap-style: square; visibility: visible; width: 169.5pt;" type="#_x0000_t75">
<v:imagedata o:title="" src="file:///C:\Users\ASHAPL~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image014.png">
</v:imagedata></v:shape></span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Source : collected while visiting Singapore on 3<sup>rd</sup> Aug
2015<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">Fig : 9<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">4 Lessons learnt <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">The study tour helped me to
learn about the ASEAN shipping sector in general and the shipping sectors of
Malaysia, the Philippines and Singapore in particular. Maritime transport
system , both domestic and international , plays a vital role in the socio-economic
development of these nations. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">During the tour I could
visit various ports, both domestic and international and also could meet
important stake holders in the shipping sector, like Govt. and port officials,
trade experts, academics/researchers, consultants, shippers, forwarders etc, of
the respective nations. From various
meetings and discussions had with these stake holders, I gathered notable
information about the government policies which support both the domestic and
international shipping sectors of the respective nations. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">The visit to visit the “
One Point Process Centre” in Manila
North Harbour Port was an enriching experience.
I could understand that the customer can avail all facilities,Port /
terminal operator / Customs / Shipping line, related to his vessel /shipments from this centre. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">I also had an opportunity
to see the RoPAX( Ro-Ro Passenger) and CHARo ( Chassis Ro-Ro for container
transport) ships operations at the
Manila North Harbor Port . The Philippines’ Roll on – Roll off policy which was
introduced in 2003 to reduce the high cost of transporting people and goods
among the Islands worth a special mentioning. The concept of National Highway
System , connecting both land and water transport system was introduced to
facilitate seamless movement of people and goods among the Islands at a low
cost. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">Also, I could learn more on
the ASEAN intermodal highway planned by ASEAN nations for the establishment of
an ASEAN Single Shipping Market ,from
various discussions had with the experts. This network helps integration and
development of domestic shipping as well as the international shipping sector of
each member nations.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;"><br clear="all" style="mso-special-character: line-break; page-break-before: always;" />
</span></b>
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<b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">ASEAN Highway Network<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj2iK55a67-f0HGP6GAmGMs5_KWCMUZtBeHqrz-OVf5HOyCkMJ70n-3puojEveoiKBFDT4nF9SOXbzQMkY8E_Zlv3DLnaYXWuzbFU6diWE-pWER6W6FP33R5sio7yqRMlkoioUL9tSC70Jc/s1600/f10.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj2iK55a67-f0HGP6GAmGMs5_KWCMUZtBeHqrz-OVf5HOyCkMJ70n-3puojEveoiKBFDT4nF9SOXbzQMkY8E_Zlv3DLnaYXWuzbFU6diWE-pWER6W6FP33R5sio7yqRMlkoioUL9tSC70Jc/s320/f10.png" width="305" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjJPnKxOv-Eua4DFme-jilNp5ozMC7spD4Atrurj9UaxGFDznKXahCr8BtX7Tz9UYF8vmop4LcTCtjMq1ehHCJXJ8vLMlNi5hmjCDkoqpTWYs2H6xK4e-6NPA4fTbtzgxX0iQfT_bSl702Q/s1600/f11.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjJPnKxOv-Eua4DFme-jilNp5ozMC7spD4Atrurj9UaxGFDznKXahCr8BtX7Tz9UYF8vmop4LcTCtjMq1ehHCJXJ8vLMlNi5hmjCDkoqpTWYs2H6xK4e-6NPA4fTbtzgxX0iQfT_bSl702Q/s320/f11.png" width="257" /></a></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;"><br /></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-no-proof: yes;"><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_24" o:spid="_x0000_i1026" style="height: 271.5pt; mso-wrap-style: square; visibility: visible; width: 201.75pt;" type="#_x0000_t75">
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</v:imagedata></v:shape></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">Source
: The Master Plan and Feasibility Study on the Establishment of an ASEAN RO-RO
Shipping Network and Short Sea Shipping, JICA</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">Fig: 10<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 150%;">To </span><span style="line-height: 28px;">summaries</span><span style="line-height: 150%;">, below
mentioned are the measures taken by these ASEAN member nations for development
of domestic shipping ( Short Sea Shipping)
in their country , which can be implemented in India too for the
development of coastal shipping. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">a.<span style="font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span><span style="font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">Introduced favourable fiscal policies to promote domestic shipping<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">b.<span style="font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">Involvement of private sector in infrastructure development.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">c.<span style="font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">Relaxed cabotage principle for the movement of containerized
transhipment cargo on foreign vessels to promote their national transhipment
terminal and in turn to promote the domestic shipping sector too.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 1.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -1.0cm;">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">d.<span style="font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">Customs procedures made easy and fast
by introducing electronic transmission of documents. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">e.<span style="font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">Equal importance given to coastal ships by establishing separate
domestic ports /or dedicated berth for
coastal vessels <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">f.<span style="font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">Customer friendly “One stop shop”
facility in all ports / terminals.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 1cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1cm;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 150%;">g.<span style="font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="line-height: 150%;">Promoting containerization in domestic shipping sector for a seamless
and cost effective movement of goods through </span><span style="line-height: 28px;">inter modal</span><span style="line-height: 150%;"> transport network. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 1.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -1.0cm;">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">h.<span style="font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">Most importantly, along with conventional shipping they do promote Ro-Ro
/ RoPAX / CHARo network system to strengthen the national and ASEAN intermodal
highway system for the seamless movement of cargo and people across the
country.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 150%;">The visit indeed was an
enriching experience and strengthened my vision of an integrated national </span><span style="line-height: 28px;">inter modal</span><span style="line-height: 150%;"> transport
network system , connecting the land and water transport system to connect and facilitate
both domestic and international supply chain networks. <span style="font-size: 14pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</div>
Dr. Asha Pillaihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16970644522562051635noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2969194764795608912.post-14763890808290660032015-06-14T21:07:00.007+05:302015-06-14T21:07:57.525+05:30Milk –Run concept in logistics<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 61.5pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 61.5pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN;">A Milk Run, in logistics, is a round trip that facilitates both
distribution and collection at the same time.</span><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN;">The term
Milk Run originates from the American dairy industry. It refers to a milk man,
on his daily route, simultaneously distributes the full bottles and collects
the empty bottles. In logistics the term Milk Run was first used
by Winfried Meusel in 1993. According to him, by using Milk Runs the utilized
capacity of a transport vehicle can be increased and transportation costs could
be reduced. </span><span lang="NL" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: NL;">By making frequent stops, a truck can pick up many types
of materials originating from several suppliers and drop off goods destined for
various customers, all in the same run. This allows direct pick-ups and
drop-offs to be planned more frequently, without having to wait for full
truckloads, which in turn enables both inventory levels and response times to
be reduced. A consistent approach to planning increases freequency and
capacity resulting in considerable cost savings.
</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 61.5pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 61.5pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN;">This</span><span lang="NL" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: NL;"> method is
successfully implemented in many industries for accelerating the flow of
products between various production processes by planning truck routes in such
a way that they collect and deliver materials for many different processes at
once. DHL Global Logistics / DHL Supply
chain , a Deutsche company of Germany that provides international shipping, in
August, 2008, successfully implemented milk run system for Jaguar .</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> As per a study </span><span lang="NL" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: NL;">for preparing the policy guidelines for the
rationalization of freight traffic in Bologna metropolitan area in Italy ,
which is the origin/destination point of regional, national and international
supply chains, it is noted that the implementation of milk run logistics, the number of incoming trucks to the area reduced
and waiting time of vehicles came down to almost zero. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">The procedure for development of a Milk-Run-Concept
consists of the fixation of weight and volume of parcels of the customers at
both ends and proper schedule fixing after considering the delivery frequency,
time slots, maximum number of customers etc. </span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">The priorities must be given to customer
needs, with an emphasis to the technical </span><span style="font-size: 18.6666660308838px; line-height: 28px;">harmonization</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"> and interoperability among systems, particularly for containers.</span></span></div>
Dr. Asha Pillaihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16970644522562051635noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2969194764795608912.post-28623359882816765502014-08-09T19:27:00.004+05:302014-08-11T10:59:50.395+05:30Indian Port Sector <br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">International seaborne trade grow and fall in tandem
with the developments in world economy and global merchandize trade. Maritime
transport is the backbone of international trade and a key engine driving
globalization. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Indian economy is at the threshold of a golden
age of growth and maritime trade has a significant role to play.<span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"> Around 95% of Indian trade by volume and 70%
by value are carried by sea.</span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It
is anticipated that the surge in trade will demand enhanced sophistication in
logistics infrastructure and services across modes. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Goldman
Sachs economists say that over the next 50 years,<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>the BRIC economies (Brazil, Russia, India and
China) could become a much larger force globally. The Goldman Sachs economists
predict that India will overtake Italy in 2015, France in 2020, Germany in 2023
and Japan in 2032.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Also they say:
“India has the potential to grow the fastest over the next 30 to 50 years.” Its
GDP growth rate will stay above 5 per cent till 2050 (<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Source :</i></span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;"> </span></i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Report of working group for the port sector for the
12<sup>th</sup> five year plan (2012-2017) , GoI, MoS, October 2011</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">).</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Indian
Port Sector</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">India has an expansive coastline of a</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">bout 7517km, studded with 12 major and 200
notified Non-Major <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>ports. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The 12 Major Ports are administered by the
Central Government, while the 200 Non-Major Ports are under the state
governments and union territories.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><o:p> </o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">India’s Major Ports, with the exception of <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Ennore, are administered by port trusts <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>under the Major Port Trusts Act, 1963. The
Port Trusts function as semi-autonomous bodies under the administrative wing of
the Ministry of Shipping. The major ports are Kandla, Mumbai, Jawaharlal Nehru
Port Trust (JNPT), Mormugao, New Mangalore, Kochi and Port Blair on the west
coast; and Kolkata, Paradip, Vishakhapatnam, Ennore, Chennai and Tuticorin on
the east coast . Ennore, a satellite port of Chennai, has been corporatised
with the Government of India holding a two-third stake, and the Chennai Port
Trust the rest.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><o:p> </o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">The responsibility for the development of
Non-Major Ports vests with the concerned state government.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>They are <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>administered under the Indian Ports Act, 1908.
The department in charge of ports or the State Maritime Board is responsible
for formulation of<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>policies and plans,
regulating and overseeing the management <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>, attracting private investments <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>, enforcing environmental protection standards
and so on. Maritime boards have so far been constituted in Gujarat, Maharashtra
and Tamil Nadu.</span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Traffic
Trends</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">The volume of cargo traffic handled by ports depends
mainly on the performance of the global and domestic economy. Trend in cargo
traffic handled both at Major and Non-Major ports are given in the below table</span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Cargo
Handled at Indian Ports (Million Tonnes)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<br />
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableGrid" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: currentColor; margin: auto auto auto 36pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;">
<tbody>
<tr style="mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="background-color: transparent; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 426.1pt;" valign="top" width="568"><table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableGrid" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: currentColor; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;">
<tbody>
<tr style="mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td style="background-color: transparent; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 82.9pt;" valign="top" width="111"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Ports/Year<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: windowtext windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid solid solid none; border-width: 1pt 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 82.9pt;" valign="top" width="111"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">2010-11<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: windowtext windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid solid solid none; border-width: 1pt 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 82.9pt;" valign="top" width="111"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">2011-12<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: windowtext windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid solid solid none; border-width: 1pt 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 82.9pt;" valign="top" width="111"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">2012-13<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: windowtext windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid solid solid none; border-width: 1pt 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 82.95pt;" valign="top" width="111"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">2013-14<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><o:p> </o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1;">
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext; border-style: none solid solid; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 82.9pt;" valign="top" width="111"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Major Ports<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 82.9pt;" valign="top" width="111"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">570.09<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">(1.6)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 82.9pt;" valign="top" width="111"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">560.19<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">-(1.7)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 82.9pt;" valign="top" width="111"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">545.83<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">-(2.6)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 82.95pt;" valign="top" width="111"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">555.49<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">(1.8)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 2;">
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext; border-style: none solid solid; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 82.9pt;" valign="top" width="111"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Non-Major Ports<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 82.9pt;" valign="top" width="111"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">315.36<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">(9.1)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 82.9pt;" valign="top" width="111"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">353.74<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">(12.2)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 82.9pt;" valign="top" width="111"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">387.92<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">(9.7)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 82.95pt;" valign="top" width="111"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">420.24<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">(8.3)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 3; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext; border-style: none solid solid; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 82.9pt;" valign="top" width="111"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">All Ports<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 82.9pt;" valign="top" width="111"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">885.36<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">(9.1)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 82.9pt;" valign="top" width="111"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">913.93<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">(3.1)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 82.9pt;" valign="top" width="111"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">933.75<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">(2.2)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 82.95pt;" valign="top" width="111"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">975.73<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">(4.6)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span><br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Note : Figs in parenthesis indicate growth over the
previous year, </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Source : Update on Indian Port Sector 31.03.14,
Transport Research Wing, MoS, GoI<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Commodity
Profile</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">The cargo composition of traffic handled in major
ports in 2013-14 is POL 33.7%, Container 20.6%, Others 19.9%,Coal 18.8%, Iron
Ore 4.5% and Fertilizer 2.5%. It is to be noted that about 53% of the traffic
handled in Major port is POL and Coal, two major energy sources. Coal and POL
shows a growth of 20.4% and 3.6% respectively with respect to the previous year
and the upward trend is expected to continue in the coming years too.
Container, fertilizer and Iron ore slipped by 4.4% (-3.3% in terms of TEU) ,
7.4% and 9.2% respectively. The decline in Iron ore is mainly due to the
restriction of mining of iron ore in Karnataka and the ban in Goa. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Container traffic depends mainly on manufacturing
sector and the negative trend is the reflection of world economy slowdown,
especially the advanced economies. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The
only major ports which showed growth in container traffic during 2013-14 are
Vizag, Tuticorin, Cochin and Mangalore. JNPT and Chennai continue to be the
No.1 and 2 ports in container handling at a rate of 55.8% and 25% respectively
in terms of TEUs. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Non-Major ports handled about 43% of the total seaborne
trade of India in 2013-14. Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh and Maharashtra are the
leading maritime states in promoting Non-Major ports. Mainly POL and Coal
accounted for about 70% of the cargo handled at Non-Major Ports.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Traffic
Projections</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">The economic slowdown in the world trade and
domestic growth slowdown<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>adversely
affected cargo traffic handled by Major Ports in 2012-13, growth was -2.6%.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>However , 2013-14 shows a positive growth
rate of 1.8%. For Non-Major Ports, the annual growth in cargo traffic is
assumed at about 10-11%. Keeping in view the trends in the share of
commodities, total cargo traffic at Indian ports is estimated to increase from
976 million tonnes in 2013-14 to 1,278 million tonnes by 2016-17.</span><span style="font-size: 14pt;"><o:p><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> </span></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">Commodity wise
traffic projections (in million tonnes)from 2016-17 to 2031-32 are as under </span><span style="font-size: 14pt;"><o:p><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> </span></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Year/<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>2016-17<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>2021-22<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>2026-27<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>2031-32<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>CAGR%<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;">Cargo</span></b><span style="font-size: 14pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt;"><o:p><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> </span></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">POL <span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>468<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>569<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>693<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>843<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> 4</span></span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Iron Ore<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>107<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>118<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>131<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>144<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> 2</span></span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Coal<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>258<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>379<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>556<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>817<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> 8</span></span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">F&FRM<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>42<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>49<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>56<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>65<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> 3</span></span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Container<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>206<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>302<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>444<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>652<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> 8</span></span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Others<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>198<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>278<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>390<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>546<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> 7</span></span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Total<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>1,278<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>1,695<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>2,269<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>3,068</span></span></b><span style="font-size: 14pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Source : NTDPC Report,2014.</span></span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt;"><o:p><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> </span></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Port
Capacity </span></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">The
existing capacity available in million tonnes at Major Ports as on 31.03.14 for
each commodity is as under (</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Source : Update on Indian Port Sector
31.03.14, Transport Research Wing, MoS, GoI):</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Commodity<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Port Capacity<o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 3;"> </span><u><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span></u><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><u>In Million Tonnes<o:p></o:p></u></span></b></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 144pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">POL<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>291.90<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 144pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">Iron Ore<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>72<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 144pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">Coal<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>65.95<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 144pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">Fertilizers<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>11.30<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 144pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">Containers<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>140.21<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 144pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<u><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">Others<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>219.16<o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 144pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">Total<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>800.52</span></b></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">From the above traffic projections
and the existing capacity status, it is evident that port capacity needs to be planned
and developed in a big way , separately for each commodity group as each
requires different facilities. The international practice for ports is to plan
for cargo handling capacity of 30% more than the projected traffic so that
pre-berthing detention of ships is minimised.</span></span></div>
Dr. Asha Pillaihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16970644522562051635noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2969194764795608912.post-85736259069435208312014-06-26T10:47:00.001+05:302014-06-26T10:47:47.886+05:30What is EDI ?
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">EDI is the short form for <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">E</b>lectronic <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">D</b>ata <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">I</b>nterchange , exchange of electronic
data using inter-organizational information system.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In other words, EDI is an inter-organizational
computer to computer exchange of standard business docs, in a structured and
machine processable format, with the objective to<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>eliminate duplicate data entry and to improve
the speed and accuracy of the information flow.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhrqx5opGPM65wdovZ-2I8C4xidzrtHczdppwCJOiexzO3-Vx2jU5aySAzO_ZxZgEmGEejJ6XEi4uesslOOkcOrVIt3QGaRVVGP-NKlpUf45IcVhdxcPdsRd68ry9Y9q1fCTGnryM7F15gT/s1600/EDI1.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhrqx5opGPM65wdovZ-2I8C4xidzrtHczdppwCJOiexzO3-Vx2jU5aySAzO_ZxZgEmGEejJ6XEi4uesslOOkcOrVIt3QGaRVVGP-NKlpUf45IcVhdxcPdsRd68ry9Y9q1fCTGnryM7F15gT/s1600/EDI1.png" height="298" width="400" /></a></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"></span> </div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">How EDI Works ?<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">EDI require set of
hard ware and soft ware and standards that accommodate the EDI process. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgeMGQD0HsZ4MLOaM_Rz2HSroZ9G_kh7lhaTJNVVTbLI02r2W6kdPbA18jKpBTPXuhOiIrB_gTsf71yUKndBzitE4A69Rh0ZfNfSHngoSCC0wOEnTb3aMa8aMpEV17fx0PwM-xHmuXm4fxY/s1600/edi2.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgeMGQD0HsZ4MLOaM_Rz2HSroZ9G_kh7lhaTJNVVTbLI02r2W6kdPbA18jKpBTPXuhOiIrB_gTsf71yUKndBzitE4A69Rh0ZfNfSHngoSCC0wOEnTb3aMa8aMpEV17fx0PwM-xHmuXm4fxY/s1600/edi2.png" height="292" width="400" /></a></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"></span> </div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Who uses EDI ?<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgqRJgb14h1hlqjEsWFD9aAfPAZkmDrt4ob1tplyb30XEZ2MuhyaZsPgbAqnyV0AsPoEhrNS8FcnSaGcNjUp0S08S-LwMjeWTDlE8a-HQZvnVxghzW5tQdEyvvVpPG1zhHSFeVV1ohfkCwM/s1600/edi3.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgqRJgb14h1hlqjEsWFD9aAfPAZkmDrt4ob1tplyb30XEZ2MuhyaZsPgbAqnyV0AsPoEhrNS8FcnSaGcNjUp0S08S-LwMjeWTDlE8a-HQZvnVxghzW5tQdEyvvVpPG1zhHSFeVV1ohfkCwM/s1600/edi3.jpg" height="267" width="400" /></a></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"></span></b> </div>
Dr. Asha Pillaihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16970644522562051635noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2969194764795608912.post-61907854536101914292014-06-26T10:44:00.000+05:302014-06-26T10:44:00.377+05:30What is ERP ?
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">ERP is the short form for <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">E</b>nterprise <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">R</b>esource <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">P</b>lanning,<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>a business process to integrate all
functions across a company to a single computer system that can serve all
specific needs of the company. ERP is<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>an
integrated set of application software modules ,providing operational,
managerial and strategic information, to improve the productivity, quality and
competitive advantage.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">It may also integrate key customers and suppliers as
part of the enterprise’s operation and provides integrated database and
custom-designed report systems. It also adopts a set of “best practices” for
carrying out all business processes. Integration” is the key word for ERP
implementation.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhY7khl_tJyHrC9ESf7wO45AXzaCw5CO2nQO3XPE598Wc9cXWNs5Y52XCJ54IF3D6IFuUkBptOrmM3jy-yhfSUq_N3HuItHXg6sY2ZgAMLapTjXK3w8qggYeZnBVx0oKF3oePpAMJ1EHRO3/s1600/erp1.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhY7khl_tJyHrC9ESf7wO45AXzaCw5CO2nQO3XPE598Wc9cXWNs5Y52XCJ54IF3D6IFuUkBptOrmM3jy-yhfSUq_N3HuItHXg6sY2ZgAMLapTjXK3w8qggYeZnBVx0oKF3oePpAMJ1EHRO3/s1600/erp1.png" height="337" width="400" /></a></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"></span> </div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Major reasons for adopting ERP</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">ü<span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Integrate financial information</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">ü<span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Integrate customer order information</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">ü<span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Standardize and speed up operations processes </span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">ü<span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Reduce inventory</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">ü<span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Standardize Human Resources information </span></div>
Dr. Asha Pillaihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16970644522562051635noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2969194764795608912.post-77698002667257517442014-03-17T10:16:00.003+05:302014-03-17T10:16:24.726+05:30Third Party (3PL) and Fourth Party (4PL) Logistics<h3>
</h3>
<h3 class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; text-align: justify;">
OUTSORCING - <span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">paved way to 3PL & 4PL</span></h3>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "Wingdings 2"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Wingdings 2"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Wingdings 2";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Outsourcing is one of the important
features of SCM . It is t</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">he usage of other agencies to carry
out non-core activities of an organization. </span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "Wingdings 2"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Wingdings 2"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Wingdings 2";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> <span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">First </span>, <span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">the parent organization </span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">s</span></span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">eparate the value adding and non-value
adding activities. They </span><span style="font-family: "Wingdings 2"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Wingdings 2"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Wingdings 2";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">c</span></span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">oncentrate only on value-adding
core functions and leave the other activities to those who have the expertise.</span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "Wingdings 2"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Wingdings 2"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Wingdings 2";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> <span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">In other words ,</span> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"> do what you are best at and leave
all other non-value-added activities to more suited players. This is the concept behind 3PL & 4PL.</span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span></div>
<h3 class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> Third Party Logistics or </span>3PL</span> </h3>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "Wingdings 2"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Wingdings 2"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Wingdings 2";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->3PL
and 4PL are terms coined by Accenture, an international research and consulting firm t</span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">o
describe the outsourcing of certain key business fulfilment tasks to other
companies. </span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "Wingdings 2"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Wingdings 2"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Wingdings 2";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->The outsourced functions
include service managements in - demand, supply, transportation , materials ,
production, green supply chain and financial supply chain</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "Wingdings 2"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Wingdings 2"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Wingdings 2";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Outsourced
tasks such as warehousing, picking, packing, shipping and inventory management helps to manage the supply chain more efficiently and effectively.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "Wingdings 2"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Wingdings 2"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Wingdings 2";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Some
3PLs might also help with the administrative side of these tasks, such as
invoicing and accounts receivable.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "Wingdings 2"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Wingdings 2"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Wingdings 2";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Logistics planning, customized logistics<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>solutions, warehouse management, Inventory
Management , shipment consolidations , carrier selection, rate negotiations,
fleet management, LIS , tracking/tracing ….etc…..</span><span lang="EN-US"> are the functions carried out by 3PL firms.</span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span></div>
<h3 class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><!--[endif]-->ADVANTAGES
OF 3PL</h3>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">ü<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Cost Reduction</span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">ü<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Maximizing Revenues</span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">ü<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Facilities</span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">ü<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Cost control</span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">ü<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Working Models</span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><o:p><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> </span></o:p></span></div>
<h3 class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">WHY 4PL ?<o:p></o:p></span></h3>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">ü<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">3PL often lack broad set of skills,
integrating technologies, strategies and global reach.</span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">ü<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">To build up this, 3PLs go for
collaborations with consultancies and technology providers</span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">ü<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Corporations outsource their entire
set of supply chain requirements to one organization, who will assess , design,
make and run integrated comprehensive supply chain solutions. </span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">ü<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">This evolution is Fourth – Party
Logistics or 4 PL.</span><span lang="EN-US"> </span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span></div>
<h3 class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Fourth Party Logistics or 4PL</span></h3>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">ü<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->In
4PL, logistics is controlled by a service provider that does not own the assets
to carry out logistics activities but outsources to subcontractors, the 3PL</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">ü<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Globally,
about 75 % of the <i>Fortune 100 </i>companies and about 45% of <i>Fortune 500 </i>firms
have now gone in for 4PLs. </span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">ü<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->A
4PL provide effective transport along with an entire distribution system, high
reliability, transparency, quality, efficiency and design new distribution
scenarios </span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">ü<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> A <span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">4PL company</span> s</span></span></span>erve
as consultants who manage the relationship between the principal company and
one or more 3PLs to make sure all operations are running smoothly. </span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">ü<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->They
can carry various levels of responsibility, from advice on choosing the best
companies, right up to the day-to-day management of essential logistical tasks
being performed for the principal company.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">ü<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">4PL caters to various clients,
economies of scale is attained as the investment is spread across clients.</span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span></div>
<h3 class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">STAGES<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>OF 4PL SOLUTIONS</span><span lang="EN-US"> </span></h3>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">ü<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Reinvention - Align business
strategy with supply chain strategy</span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">ü<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Transformation – Focus on improving
supply chain functions. (sales, ops, distribution, customer support )</span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">ü<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Implementation – Implement
recommendations for efficient use of SCM</span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">ü<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Execution – Takes operational
responsibility for multiple supply chains functions and ops.</span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><!--[if !supportLists]--><!--[endif]--></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span></div>
<h3 class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; text-align: justify;">
3PL / 4PL COMPARISON</h3>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "Wingdings 2"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Wingdings 2"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Wingdings 2";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->3PLs
adopt a scientific approach to logistics, to optimise cost and improve service
levels and response. They also help clients achieve efficient inventory
turnover and working capital management.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> </span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "Wingdings 2"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Wingdings 2"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Wingdings 2";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->4PLs
facilitate single-point reference for all logistics needs, possess knowledge of
logistics to obtain most efficient and effective solutions, have manpower
resources of higher quality to supervise vendors and ensure continuous process
improvements and, above, all an IT base to network customer systems. </span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjd6O2HtGPzm0F3lxKxO0L6e6Lj73W6e7372y-aec7LBfpH_DqRtYoC-WZY45HtAvXZI0JSAYeHSlEf3gw7UOZ4MlCRh9A5567nKbsAjCpvLg5Pv8SyDqE22fe2DP87UIVpasnEC21mTFlm/s1600/Untitled.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjd6O2HtGPzm0F3lxKxO0L6e6Lj73W6e7372y-aec7LBfpH_DqRtYoC-WZY45HtAvXZI0JSAYeHSlEf3gw7UOZ4MlCRh9A5567nKbsAjCpvLg5Pv8SyDqE22fe2DP87UIVpasnEC21mTFlm/s1600/Untitled.jpg" height="172" width="400" /></a></div>
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</div>
Dr. Asha Pillaihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16970644522562051635noreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2969194764795608912.post-36795248925498972932014-02-18T12:31:00.002+05:302014-02-18T12:31:43.181+05:30MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES OF EMPTY MARINE CONTAINERS
<br />
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">THE BACKGROUND<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;">Since
the beginning of containerization , the shipping industry has shown enviable
developments in increased productivity, vessel capacity, speed ,safety ,
reduction in service time and cost. Despite these achieved efficiencies, marine
container logistics has been suffering from severe trade imbalances between the
major trading regions. And these imbalances cause one of the biggest hidden
costs to the shipping industry– repositioning of empty containers! </span><span lang="DA" style="color: black; font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: DA;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>As per
an article appeared in the<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Shippingwatch</i> , every year Maersk Line
moves around 4 million empty container from point A to point B which costs
around USD 1 billion.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Drewry
Shipping Consultants estimated that there were over 82 million port to port
moves of empty TEUs worldwide in 2010. The Port of Los Angeles alone
reported 831,370 empty TEU shipments during the first half of 2011,
representing over 42% of their outbound container traffic. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> </span><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Empty
Containers are repositioned at various levels , namely <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Global ,interregional, regional and local. <o:p></o:p></b></span></span></div>
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</span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"><o:p><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> </span></o:p></span></b></div>
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<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 51pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Ref380483604"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: Tahoma;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">(a)<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;">The <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">global level</b> involves massive all sea empty container repositioning
from surplus to deficit area (eg.Cochin to Chinese ports).</span></span></a><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 51pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: Tahoma;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">(b)<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;">The
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">inter-regional level</b> involves either
balancing repositioning inside a wide geographical area ( within Asia , Europe
, ISC) or on a leg finally leading to global repositioning ( Tuti / Chennai
> Colombo / Port Kelang > Europe / USA).<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 51pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: Tahoma;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">(c)<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;">The
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">regional level</b> involves the empty
balancing between ports / ICDs of same region<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>(Cochin to Tuti / Mangalore /Bangalore/Coimbatore) by road , rail or by
sea using coastal services.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: Tahoma;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">(d)<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Local
level</b> involves empty shunting between marine terminal and depots, the<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>storage and maintenance issues. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"><o:p><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> </span></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Each
empty container move involves fuel and electrical consumption by ships,
terminals, trucks, and railroads and results in excessive unproductive empty
vehicle miles in a region. Hence, another important aspect to be considered associated
with repositioning empty containers is the carbon footprint.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Due
to insufficient port / depot infrastructure and poor logistics management
strategies of the carriers, the whole process of empty container evacuation
used to be cumbersome , time consuming and expensive. This situation demands
for an empty container management strategy which rationalizes the
repositioning, storage and maintenance of empty containers in major importing
regions. For formulating a suitable management strategy, issues mentioned in
the below chart are to be addressed.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhAtD38YLSPJdlF56LVzJOwhQ222rKrZQIbtpGIIwKAoCcQmJljPHQD4DwBMhseZASGqui4ELIlLxybtjft5n8lteBnkWEwqw_lgPE1Wp8MV4hbJ9U8fIpCuNFMdkVAXcMXzOm-pXXcwvqh/s1600/3.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhAtD38YLSPJdlF56LVzJOwhQ222rKrZQIbtpGIIwKAoCcQmJljPHQD4DwBMhseZASGqui4ELIlLxybtjft5n8lteBnkWEwqw_lgPE1Wp8MV4hbJ9U8fIpCuNFMdkVAXcMXzOm-pXXcwvqh/s1600/3.jpg" height="155" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-no-proof: yes;"><v:shape id="_x0000_i1028" style="height: 162.75pt; mso-wrap-style: square; visibility: visible; width: 424.5pt;" type="#_x0000_t75">
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">MANAGEMENT
STRATEGIES<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Various
empty container logistics management optimization strategies for minimizing the
cost to carriers are currently either being explored or implemented to a
certain extent. The most popular strategies includes : <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 75pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: Tahoma;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">(i)<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;">Effective service net work
design with empty container reposition considerations to avoid vessel calls
dedicated to empty repositioning.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
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</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 75pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: Tahoma;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">(ii)<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;">Matching cargo to empty containers
to reduce empty frequency <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 75pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: Tahoma;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">(iii)<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;">Design of a empty storage
& maintenance network <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 75pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: Tahoma;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">(iv)<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;">Transportation options for
less expensive repositioning.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Among
the upcoming management strategies to reduce the energy, cost and effort to
reposition empty container , the most popular one is <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>the concept of folding containers.
Presently a number of options are under various stages of implementation,
including Staxxon folding/nesting container technology (New Jersey), Holland
Container Innovations (Delft), CargoShell (Rotterdam) and Foltainer (Brisbane),
all of them have developed their own collapsible or composite container
designs. If empty containers can be folded and nested and moved in sets
of 2 or more, <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>occupying the same space
and dimensions as one container, <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>operators<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>could<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>save huge money on account
of transportation, handling and storage.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;">Another
recent innovation is the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Tworty Box,</i>
two 20 ft containers that can be linked together to form a single 40 ft unit ! The
first tworty box completed its maiden voyage from Hamburg to Montreal on the
containership OOCL Montreal. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Even
though the empty container repositioning is a non-revenue generating, complex, expensive
and undesirable exercise, it is an integral part of the maritime sector, which
balances demand and supply between regions. Ultimately only time will tell
whether it is folding containers, tworty<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>boxes, trans-loading, or some other solution to address this growing global
issue . <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
</div>
</div>
Dr. Asha Pillaihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16970644522562051635noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2969194764795608912.post-41296126899161604512013-12-31T10:23:00.000+05:302013-12-31T10:25:55.543+05:30P3 – The New Mega-Alliance !!!!!<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The
announcement of setting up of <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Mega P3
Alliance</i><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>by <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family: +mn-ea;">Maersk, MSC
& CMA CGM literally stirred up the shipping community as a whole. The P3
network is expected to commence from the 2<span style="font-size: small;"><sup>nd</sup> quarter of 2014. </span></span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">Assuming regulatory hurdles are overcome, the P3 network will cover the
three trade lanes of Asia-Europe, transpacific and transatlantic, using the
existing capacities of each member. </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The network
is estimated to have a market share of about<span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> 42%on the Asia-Europe trade, 24 % on the transpacific and 40% on the
transatlantic trade. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span><br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span class="ecxmtext1"><span lang="EN" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN;">An independent operating centre will be set up in London to manage the P3
network, responsible for ensuring that each line's schedule integrity is
maintained at a high level. The centre will be headed by former Maersk Trade
Manager Lars Michael Jensen. The working style of MSC is different from Maersk
& CMACGM and it is to be seen how the mega carriers perform together. </span></span><o:p></o:p></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span><br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The
P3 Alliance will first deploy 255 vessels with a capacity of 2.6 million TEU,
operating across 29 separate loops.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Maersk
will contribute 42% of the capacity,<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>MSC
with 34%, and CMA CGM with 24%. Vessels provided by the lines will continue to
be owned and chartered individually by the carriers. Also, <span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">they would
be allowed to trim down sailings during the low seasons <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>and <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>might
add extra loaders at times of high demand.</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;"></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> </span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-_2k5fLRSR0Ux-q3VBhqWau1aM-iRP9o2GuGw3mjiiET65WogeLAFXcIplQf1o4SdJy_1s1SpYHpTJLe9wBNk8npbKiMfrDSnQ3MRh5U0F5ElFgD2Zax4jsnhFv_MwmMaVhYCUGa6MT48/s1600/p3+sum.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><img border="0" height="195" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-_2k5fLRSR0Ux-q3VBhqWau1aM-iRP9o2GuGw3mjiiET65WogeLAFXcIplQf1o4SdJy_1s1SpYHpTJLe9wBNk8npbKiMfrDSnQ3MRh5U0F5ElFgD2Zax4jsnhFv_MwmMaVhYCUGa6MT48/s400/p3+sum.jpg" width="400" /></span></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;"><o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> </span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span><br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;"><o:p> </o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="DA" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: DA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">As per the reports , the P3 Network partners have still not agreed on
which port will serve as the key hub in Southeast Asia . According to analysts
SeaIntel, choosing a key port in Southeast Asia is very important and one of
the major challenges for Alliance, as cargo from countries such as Indonesia,
the Philippines, Vietnam, and Thailand is distributed further through the three
key ports currently used by each carrier. For Maersk Line this port is Tanjung
Pelepas and for CMA CGM it's Port Kelang, also in Malaysia, while MSC is using
Singapore.</span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span><br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><o:p> </o:p>The
member lines will continue to negotiate with customers separately and also set
individual freight rates. Shippers can book container with any of the three carriers,
and a ship from one of them will move the goods port to port .<span style="mso-ansi-language: DA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;"> <span lang="DA">"We believe that customer experience is more than just sailing
schedules, which is the only thing this alliance shares. Areas such as sales,
customer service, IT service, physical conditions, commitments, and prices are
some of the many other important criteria that come into play when customers
make choices. We will continue to differentiate our products on the basis of
the these criteria. On Asia-Europe as well as other routes around the world
we'll share our infrastructure with partners while continuing to offer a
differentiated Maersk service to our customers," says Vincent Clerc of
Maersk Line.</span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="mso-ansi-language: DA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;"><span lang="DA"></span></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: DA; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span lang="DA">The announcement of the P3 Alliance has been both applauded as the
solution to the over-capacity </span></span><span style="color: black; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: DA; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span lang="DA">situation in the global ocean liner trade and
despised as a monopoly cartel devised by the world's three largest container
carriers. In reality, it is somewhere in between those two extremes. However, </span></span><span style="line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">P3 alliance hopes to
reverse the downward financial trend by deploying most suitable vessels ,
avoiding duplicate trips and cutting fuel costs.</span></span></div>
Dr. Asha Pillaihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16970644522562051635noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2969194764795608912.post-1436703757545210042013-11-17T10:39:00.000+05:302013-11-17T10:43:30.463+05:30Coastal Shipping is a need rather than a desire!!<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">India with an expansive coastline of a</span>bout 7517km,<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>studded with 12 major and 185 Non-Major
(Minor / Intermediate) ports ,<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>should be
having<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>a vibrant and viable shipping
industry. The maritime industry should be the cornerstone of India’s transport
industry given that more than 95% of India’s<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>EXIM trade by volume and 77% by value, moves by sea.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><o:p><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> </span></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">In recent years coastal shipping
have increasingly become the focus of attention in India. Coastal movement of
cargo by sea in the country has grown at a CAGR of 3.3% during the period of
2001-10, while overseas cargo movement has registered a CAGR of nearly 12%
during the same period. However, at present country’s domestic transport demand
is being mainly met by the road (54.4%)and rail (34.4%) transport systems.
Coastal shipping carries only 6.84% of domestic freight( Delotte report ,
2011). In fact, it should have been the natural transport choice for domestic
supply chain logistics!<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><o:p><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> </span></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Coastal shipping has many
advantages, such as better fuel efficiency, lower unit transportation cost,
eco-friendly, free of congestion, etc. over competing modes of transportation
such as road and rail.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>However the
economic viability of a transport mode depends mainly on the actual trade size,
distances involved (Origin – Destination) and competitive forces. Unlike road
transport, coastal shipping can only be a link in a multimodal transport chain.
Hence for coastal shipping to be viable, the multimodal chain as a whole,
including the land legs, should be efficient and cost effective. <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;"></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span></span> </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span></span> </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;">In developed countries, coastal shipping forms a vital link in the
overall transportation infrastructure. </span>European
Union perceives coastal shipping<span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;"> as an integral part of its transport policy
to develop efficient, multi-modal transport system for meeting existing and
future business requirements, achieve modal balance, reduce pollution,
congestions, accidents etc. Presently in European Union, 43% of cargo is
handled by coastal shipping.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><o:p><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> </span></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">In India, though seaborne trade
has been growing at a rate of over 11% in the last 10 years, the Indian tonnage
is not growing in pace with the fast growing maritime trade. As on 31st March
2011, India had 708 vessels under coastal trade and 347 vessels under overseas
trade totalling to a fleet size of 1055 ships (source INSA report) with a 10.36
million gross tonnage. In terms of fleet size, the Indian shipping industry
makes only a marginal share of just about 1% of the global fleet.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Though coastal vessel number
increased from 244 in 2001 to 708 in 2011(as on 01.03.2011, source INSA
report), actual number of cargo carrying fleet is very small. The major
percentage of fleet comprises of passenger – cum – cargo vessels, passenger
vessels, dredgers etc. As per INSA report, around 52%of the Indian shipping
fleet are over 20 years of age and overdue for replacement.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><o:p><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> </span></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Government of India has envisaged
an ambitious plan to grow the Indian shipping fleet from 10 million GT to 40
million GT by the year 2020. Despite the global downturn, Indian domestic trade
is expected to remain strong and coastal shipping would retain its strong
potential.<span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;"> It is to be noted that the maritime states with developed
infrastructure and favourable environment for business growth, are likely to
have larger share in cargo traffic with high pace of growth.</span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 6pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;"><o:p> </o:p></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Among
the maritime States in India,<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Gujarat (29%)
and Maharashtra (19%) leads in growth of coastal cargo traffic at ports. With
the implementation of the Delhi-Mumbai Industrial corridor by the next decade,
the maritime environment in the two states will remain bullish. Further, the
four states namely, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu,
clubbed together have more than 75% share of coastal cargo. These states have
been forerunners in creation of infrastructure and attracting investments. Also,
these states are blessed with thriving industrial hinterlands</span>. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><o:p> </o:p></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The challenges facing the coastal
shipping industry may be significant, but a number of opportunities are also
emerging. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Booming automobile industry,
increasing industrialization, growing project cargo moves for power and
construction sector , port development and retail trade reforms are expected to
give a thrust to the coastal traffic in India . <span style="color: black;">Following
</span>factors are expected to be the growth drivers which would contribute to
the sustained growth of coastal shipping in India. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><o:p><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> </span></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">ü<span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Population
growth and thereby consumption growth <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">ü<span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Growth
of economy and trade <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">ü<span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Increase
in transportation demand thereby requiring the need to explore alternative
transportation modes <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">ü<span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Increased
emphasis on clean development <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">ü<span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Fuel
scarcity forcing to utilize fuel efficiently <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">ü<span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Increase
in containerization <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">ü<span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Huge
investments in maritime infrastructure <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><o:p><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> </span></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Shipping connectivity is an
important determinant of trade competence. The time has now come for policy
makers to rethink their development philosophy to focus on non-major ports,
transhipment hubs, inland ports, container freight stations, transport
corridors, IWT as well as coastal shipping.<span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;"> A relatively modest investment in coastal sea routes with appropriate
policy changes would bring substantial benefits by reducing burden on present
transportation system, traffic congestion and pollution.</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><o:p><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> </span></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">A number of prominent committees
have made their suggestions and recommendations to the Ministry of Shipping
(Government of India) to revive the fortunes of coastal shipping. These
recommendations are still gathering dust in the corridors of the Shipping
Ministry. These are compelling times and efforts have to be made to divert
cargo from road and rail transport to coastal shipping as it is the most energy
efficient and economically viable mode of transportation.<span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><o:p><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> </span></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The economic progress of India
depends on the value addition of its trade, commerce and industry. A
comprehensive and strategic transportation plan, national and intermodal in its
scope, is the need of the hour.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Therefore,
coastal shipping should be put on fast-track development, as it would not only
lead to reduced cost of transportation but also reduced social and
environmental costs. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 4;"> </span>==============================<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
Dr. Asha Pillaihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16970644522562051635noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2969194764795608912.post-15324347641960612082013-10-18T21:09:00.002+05:302013-10-18T21:12:42.795+05:30Freight Forwarders & NVOCs – What is the difference? <div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Freight Forwarders</b> act as agents of merchants/shippers. Many forwarders
act as consolidators too, ie, combining small lots of cargo into big parcels/full
container loads. Generally they issue forwarder B/Ls (House B/Ls) to each
shipper. Under this B/L they accept responsibility as the agent of the shipper
only. Incase of an issue, the holder of the B/L will have to take it up with
the actual carrier.</span><br />
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">NVOCCs</b> (Non Vessel Operating Common/Container Carrier) – <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>When a forwarder acts as a carrier he is
termed as a NVOCC. Though NVOCC is not the actual ship operator, his role is
same as that of a principal and accepts the carrier’s responsibilities. </span><br />
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Both freight forwarders and
NVOCCs are important customers of the lines. Their profit is the difference of
freight rate received from shipping line and that charged to the shipper, plus
the margins from pre/on carriage, documentation and other value added services.
</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span></div>
Dr. Asha Pillaihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16970644522562051635noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2969194764795608912.post-56193839181129254372013-10-18T21:07:00.003+05:302013-10-18T21:07:52.836+05:30Through Bill of Lading & Combined Transport Bill of Lading – Are they same ??
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">No, there is a significant
difference between the Through B/L and Combined Transport B/L. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Through B/L</b> -<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Under a
Through B/L the ocean carrier acts only as an agent for the shipper in
arranging the pre and on carriage. The pre/ on carrier may be a feeder vessel
or land transport (road/rail). The<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>ocean
carrier will arrange the pre/on carriage and will charge merchant for the
service. But, will not have any direct liability for any loss or damage to the
cargo during those part (pre/on carriage) of the journey. The responsibility of
the carrier is limited. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Combined Transport B/L</b> – Here the carrier accepts liability from
beginning to end. This B/L is the requirement of container trade to facilitate
door-to-door movement. In the case of a door-to-door movement of containers <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>there is carrier haulage at both ends, which
combines various modes of transport, and it is logical that the carrier accepts
liability from the shipper’s premises to the consignees’ premises.</span> </span></div>
Dr. Asha Pillaihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16970644522562051635noreply@blogger.com